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題名 | 王陽明「心外無物」說新詮=A New Interpretation of Wang Yang-ming's Thesis of "No Wu(Thing) outside Hsin (Mind)" |
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作者 | 馮耀明; | 書刊名 | 清華學報 |
卷期 | 32:1 2002.06[民91.06] |
頁次 | 頁65-85 |
專輯 | 梅廣教授榮退論文集(思想篇) |
分類號 | 126.4 |
關鍵詞 | 心外無物; 主觀唯心論; 泛神論; 新體用說; 意向性理論; 內在實在論; 靈竅說; No wu outside hsin; Subjective idealism; Pantheism; New theory of ti and yung; Theory of intentionality; Internal realism; Theory of ling-qiao; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 王陽明的「心外無物」說是針對朱子的「格物致知」說而起,惟歷來對此說之解釋頗為不一,至今可謂未有善解。以往有不少國內外學者以柏克萊(Berkeley)式的「主觀唯心論」視之,亦有以斯賓諾莎(Spinoza)式的「泛神論」釋之。牟宗三先生則另闢蹊徑,以其修改過的康德(Kent)式的「新體用說」以理解之。最近有不少具有比較視野的學者借用胡塞爾(Husserl)的「意向性理論」來解說心與物之關係,可謂賦有心意。以上四說,我認為「意向性理論」和「泛神論」兩種解釋都較為可取,但卻未盡合適。相對於前者,我認為用普特南(Putnam)的「內在實在論」代之而提出的解釋會更為合適;相對於後者,我認為自己花了一年時間構想的「靈竅說」所提供的解釋更為恰當,它不只比「內在實在論」的解釋更為周延,也可克服「泛神論」解釋的缺點。總的來說,「靈竅說」的新詮除了在理論內部的優異性之外,也有思想外緣的合理性。 本文的目的,主要是對王陽明的「心外無物」說之各種解釋作出疏理,從而論證「靈竅說」這種新詮的優異性和合理性。 |
英文摘要 | In contrast to Chu Hsi’s theory of ke-wu (the investigation of things), Wang Yang-ming claims that there is no wu (thing/act) outside hsin (mind/heart). Although the contrast is obvious, a reasonable and acceptable interpretation. Of Wang Yang-ming’s thesis in this regard has yet to appear. Some previous interpretations based on Berkeley’s subjective idealism, Spinoza’s pantheism, Husserl’s theory of intentionality. Mou Tsung-san’s theory of ti and yung (substance and functioning), Putnam’s internal realism, respectively, are discussed in this article. After a serious consideration of the strength and the weakness of these interpretations, I elaborate a new interpretation called “the theory of ling-qiao” (Intelligent hollow) which is more compressive and cogent. Under this interpretation, we can also explain the fact that the main idea of Wang Yang-ming’s thesis is borrowed form religious Taoism. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。