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題 名 | 呼吸放鬆訓練之心身醫學觀=Psychosomatic Aspects of Relaxed Breathing Training |
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作 者 | 陳錫中; 李明濱; | 書刊名 | 臺灣精神醫學 |
卷 期 | 16:3 2002.09[民91.09] |
頁 次 | 頁177-192 |
分類號 | 415.9511 |
關鍵詞 | 呼吸放鬆訓練; 精神生理; 行為調整; 心身醫學; Relaxed breathing training; Psychophysiology; Behavioral modification; Psychosomatic medicine; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 呼吸放鬆訓練法雖已廣泛應用於醫療、壓力管理與健康促進,但仍缺乏系統性的文獻回顧。本文旨在回顧呼吸放鬆訓練相關之標準化操作流程及臨床作用,進而系統性地分析呼吸放鬆訓練在生理和心理社會層面對身心狀態之影響及其影響之作用機轉。文獻回顧結果顯示行為制約、情緒與呼吸三者之間具備密切之關係。呼吸是壓力反應中的主要生理功能變化之一。情緒會影響呼吸,呼吸型態改變亦會導致不同的情緒狀態。呼吸放鬆訓練經由橫膈膜移動之機械作用、升高二氧化碳濃度、增加副交感神經活性等直接途徑以及安適環境、反制約、認知重建、注意力轉移等間接途徑,達到降低個體警醒度進而獲得放鬆身心的效果。透過行為調整的方式,呼吸放鬆訓練可應用於精神疾患與心身症之治療、疼痛控制與壓力處理等。如何有效操作呼吸放鬆訓練與鞏固其持續效果,是目前臨床應用上的重要議題;未來呼吸放鬆訓練之研究應強化精神生理學及行為醫學的整合。 |
英文摘要 | Relaxed breathing training has been applied extensively to clinical medicine, stress management and health promotion. However, there have been few systematic literature reviews on this subject. This review article describes the standard operational procedure of relaxed breathing training and analyzes what is known about the possible underlying mechanisms of clinical effectiveness with respect to the integration of physiological and psycho-socio-behavioral dimensions in the use of this technique as well as its psychosomatic aspects. Previous studies have demonstrated that behavioral conditioning, emotion and breathing interact closely. Breathing is one of the main physiological functions which clearly responds to stress. Emotion can affect breathing and vice versa breathing patterns can change affective states. Relaxed breathing training reduces the individual's arousal and produces a relaxation response through the direct pathways of mechanical effect of diaphragmatic movement, mild hypercapnia, increased parasympathetic tone; and through the indirect pathways of comfort milieu, counter-conditioning, cognitive restructuring and cognitive diversion. Through behavioral modification using diaphragmatic breathing, relaxed breathing training has been applied to the treatment of psychiatric illness, psychosomatic disorders, pain control and stress management. Skill in providing relaxed breathing training is important to allow patients to use the technique efficiently and maintain its long-term effect. Further studies on relaxed breathing training to investigate the potential for the integration of psychophysiology and behavior medicine with this technique are needed. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。