頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 西塞羅與馬基維利論政治道德=Cicero and Machiavelli on Political Ethics |
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作 者 | 蕭高彥; | 書刊名 | 政治科學論叢 |
卷 期 | 16 2002.06[民91.06] |
頁 次 | 頁1-27 |
分類號 | 570.945 |
關鍵詞 | 西塞羅; 馬基維利; 政治道德; 人性; Cicero; Machiavelli; Political ethics; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文以西塞羅的《論義務》為本分析古典人文主義的政治道德觀,並檢討馬基維利所提出的批判以及理論建構。我們首先論述西塞羅所提出的「高尚性」與「效益」二元架構,及其對政治德行之分析。然後在此基礎上,進一步探討馬基維利如何就政治領域的「必要性」所需之有效真理,建構全新的政治道德論。對二者之文本與理據作詳細比較分析後,我們於結論提出兩種不同形態的政治道德觀:一為規範論,另一則為秩序論。西塞羅以自然法為本,並用法學試論證來解決價值衝突,乃規範論之典範 ;馬基維利則關注在無秩序的腐化狀態中,政治行動者如何創造政治秩序以及其所應依循之行動準則,乃現代秩序論之鼻祖,並對西洋近代政治思想的發展產生了深遠影響。 |
英文摘要 | This article compares Cicero's humanitarian idea of social ethics with Machiavelli's political ethics. Cicero's analysis of virtues, which is based on the distinction between honestum and utilitas, is examined in detail. Machiavelli overthrow Cicero's classical framework by highlighting necessitas as the central category in the political arena, so as to reformulate all four cardinal virtues advocated by Cicero. Based on Hannah Arendt's perspective, I contend that Cicero and Machiavelli represent two paradigms about political ethics in the Western political thought: ethics of norms versus ethics of order. Cicero's theories of natural law and juristic resolution of value conflicts presuppose a set of well-ordered social norms, while Machiavelli's focus on founding and reforming political community brings forth the issue of creation of order out of corruption. The distinction between ethics of norms and ethics of order would thus provide a fruitful framework to interpret the originality of Machiavelli's political ethics. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。