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| 題 名 | 兒童癲癇重積狀態=Status Epilepticus in Children |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 王本榮; | 書刊名 | 中華民國重症醫學雜誌 |
| 卷 期 | 4:3 2002.07[民91.07] |
| 頁 次 | 頁197-202 |
| 分類號 | 417.5845 |
| 關鍵詞 | 癲癇重積症; 癲癇發作; 抗癲癇藥物; 全身麻醉; Status epilepticus; Seizures; Antiepileptic drugs; General anesthesia; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 癲癇重積狀態指的是是持續或反覆的發作,發作間意識並無回復而發作期間超過三十分鐘而言。癲癇重積狀態的20%發生於一歲以前,60%發生於五歲以前。抽搐性重積狀態是常見之小兒科急症,常常威脅生命也會造成各種神經或非神經之後遺症,極須緊急及適切的治療。病因分類包括1.發燒性;2.特發性;3.慢性非進行性腦病變;4.急性症候性及5.進行性腦病變。治療的目標在於及時控制發作及治療可回復性之病因。處理包括四個步驟:1.最初生命現象的穩定;2.確定診斷;3.初步評估及4.發作之治療。第一線的抗癲癇藥物包括benzodiazepam,phenytoin,phenobarbital。超過一小時發作,為拯救生命及避免嚴重之後遺症,全身麻醉的治療如thiopental,pentobarbital,propofol的治療是必要的,使用全身麻醉須要持續腦波監視及維生系統的支持。 |
| 英文摘要 | Status epilepticus (SE) is defined as recurrent seizures without complete recovery of consciousness between attacks or virtually continuous seizure activity for more than 30 minutes. Around 20% of cases of SE occur in the first year of life and 60% in the first 5 years. Convulsive SE is a life-threatening medical emergency that demands prompt recognization and treatment. The following groups of SE can be classified including 1. febrile; 2. idiopathic; 3. chronic static encephalopathies; 4. acute symptomatic and 5. progressive encephalopathies. The aim of treatment are to control seizure within 30-60 minutes and to treat any reversible causes. The management of convulsive SE can be divided into 4 stages including 1. initial stabilization; 2. confirmation of diagnosis; 3. initial evaluation and 4. treatment of SE. The first line drugs used for SE are benzodiazepam phenytoin and Phenobarbital. General anesthesia such as thiopentone, pentobarbital, lidocaine and propofol should be recommended for SE that has not been controlled after 60 minutes despite adequate doses of first line drugs. Continuous EEG monitoring, vigorous respiratory and circulatory support may be necessary. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。