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題 名 | 集集大地震後蚯蚓大量爬出現象之解析=Analysis of the Earthworm Outbreaks after Chichi Earthquake |
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作 者 | 廖光正; 李明進; | 書刊名 | 特有生物研究 |
卷 期 | 4:1 2002.01[民91.01] |
頁 次 | 頁41-51 |
分類號 | 386.696 |
關鍵詞 | 蚯蚓; 大量爬出; 地震; 時間序列分析; 動物行為; Earthworm; Outbreak; Earthquake; Time series analysis; Animal behavior; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 1999年9月21日臺灣發生921集集大地震,其後在地震連連中,多處地方有大量蚯蚓出現於地面。民眾疑其為地震前兆,引起恐慌。以屏東為主的調查發現,含臺北在內,各地在10、11月大量爬出的蚯蚓均為同一種:Metaphire posthuma (Vaillant),其發生地點都在學校或公共場所的開闊草地附近,容易引人注意。在屏東縣萬丹鄉興化國小操場找到大量M. posthuma藏身於草根下及排水溝中,這些蚯蚓有在夜間3:30以後爬出地面,於當天10:00左右再回到地下的日周性行為。蚯蚓數與地震的相關係數未達顯著水準。時間序列分析之交叉相關函數顯示蚯蚓的大量爬出與其後25天內的有感地震的相關性都不顯著;蚯蚓爬出量與地溫、相對濕度及日照時數的相關性都很顯著(p<0.01)。於萬丹及萬巒實際挖掘到與M. posthuma共棲的多種蚯蚓,又訪查出半年以前在瑪家國中操場即曾二度有M. posthuma大量爬出。這些事實証明屏東有不只一種蚯蚓、不只一日爬出地面。此次蚯蚓事件,應是同樣天候條件籠罩臺灣之下,蚯蚓表現的自然行為;M. posthuma在發生地為優勢種,其大量爬出地面之現象,雖於地震後人心驚惶時特別容易被人發現並予報導,但從其大量爬出的重複行為和量變動,與地震發生時間比對並不足以論斷為地震前兆。追蹤2000年9-11月臺灣多處蚯蚓大量爬出,均佐証相同結論。 |
英文摘要 | Chichi Earthquake (magnitude of 7.3 ML) occurred on 21 September 1999, inflicting heavy casualties and severe property damages to Taiwan. In that autumn, there were the occurrences of frequent aftershocks and of several outbreaks of earthworms, the emergence of a large number of earthworms from underground to the surface. The earthworm outbreaks were believed to be an omen of upcoming earthquake by many local people. To elucidate the phenomenon we investigated the outbreaks at six localities: Shinhua Preliminary School, Wandan, Chaochou Preliminary School, Wanlaun Preliminary School, Majia Middle School, Hengchuen Water Supply Treatment Plant, and Juvenile Police Branch of Taipei Municipal Police Department. It was found that the earthworm outbreaks at these localities were caused by a single species, Metaphire posthuma (Vaillant) . We selected the Hsinhua Preliminary School playground as a site to monitor the daily behavior of the earthworms in relation to aftershocks and meteorological changes. The results showed that the earthworms emerged in the early morning around 3:30 AM, and disappeared in the late morning around 10:00 AM. This consistent rhythm of the earthworm emergence occurred daily in October and November, with a slight delay in the late morning disappearance for one or two hours in cloudy and rainy days. The earthworms disappeared were found to hide in the ditch around the playground and beneath grass roots in the ground. There was no obvious association of the numbers of the earthworms in the daily emergence to the occurrences and magnitudes of the aftershocks. In contrast, the numbers were significantly correlated to soil temperature, relative humidity and sunshine duration. We concluded that the outbreaks of the earthworm M. posthuma during the post Chichi earthquake period were merely a natural behavior of the species in response to the meteorological changes. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。