頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 逕流歷線之模擬及降雨損失之估計=Simulation of Runoff Hydrograph and Its Estimation of Rainfall Loss |
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作 者 | 王如意; 鄭士仁; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 47:3 2001.09[民90.09] |
頁 次 | 頁1-16 |
分類號 | 443.42 |
關鍵詞 | 降雨損失; 單位歷線; ARX模式; 非線性方法; Rainfall loss; Unit hydrograph; ARX model; Nonlinear method; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 洪水量之推估方式可應用降雨—逕流事件之有效降雨組體圖及其相對應之直接逕流歷線,以建立該集水區之核心/轉換函數(kernel/transfer function)。通常核心函數可為定率系統之單位歷線或序率系統之時間序列模式。又降雨損失之估計為歷線分析之重要關鍵,一般常用Φ指數法以求算降雨損失,但因其所推求之損失量不隨時間改變,與實際情況不甚符合,故模擬結果往往會受其影響。 本研究之目的為改善因模式本身輸入值之誤差,而導致洪水量模擬之偏估。其處理方法為推求單位歷線或應用ARX模式時,視降雨損失為未知數。於模式架構過程中,以非線性方法求解,同時推求單位歷線或ARX模式之參數與降雨損失,進而獲得較精確之洪水推估量。研究中研析數場颱洪降雨,藉以評估非線性模式與傳統以 指標法所估算降雨損失之差異。研究結果顯示,非線性模式法所推求之降雨損失較 指數法更符合實際之降雨分布,其推估之洪水歷線亦較 指數法所推求者為佳,尤其是複峰型降雨—逕流事件更為明顯。 |
英文摘要 | To establish a time-invariant kernel/transfer function for utilizing the effective rainfall hyetograph and the direct runoff of rainfall-runoff events is a common method for estimating flood hydrograph, and then simulate the hydrological phenomenon of a project watershed. The kernel function can be unit hydrograph of deterministic system or time series model of stochastic system. In general, фindex method is frequently used for acquiring rainfall loss, but it is uncertain and unreasonable. The main purpose of this study is to improve the unbiased estimation of flood simulation due to input error of models. Consider unit hydrograph or parameters of ARX and rainfall losses as unknowns, and then take advantage of nonlinear method to determine both the rainfall losses and unit hydrograph or parameters of ARX and minimize deviations between the observed and derived runoff hydrographs. The results show that the rainfall losses obtained by nonlinear programming model are conformable with realistic rainfall distribution than ф-index method, and the simulated flood hydrograph are also better than that obtained by the linear model, especially for multi-peak rainfall events. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。