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題 名 | 河川網路寬度函數之地貌型瞬時單位歷線模式=Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Model Based on the Width Function of River Network |
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作 者 | 王如意; 陳展榮; 王鵬瑞; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 46:4 2000.12[民89.12] |
頁 次 | 頁1-19 |
分類號 | 436.124 |
關鍵詞 | 寬度函數; 地貌型瞬時單位歷線; 擴散類比法; Width function; Geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph; Diffusion analogy; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究之目的為建立一種可適切反應不同集水區河川網路特性之地貌型瞬時單位歷線(geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph, GIUH)。文中引用寬度函數(width function)以詮釋集水區之河川網路結構,而寬度函數乃利用套裝軟體River Tools 之自動化河網萃取方法予以取得。本文中瞬時單位歷線模式之核心函數係應用擴散類比法(diffusion analogy)推導渠道中之集流時間分布(travel time distribution in channel linds),以確定水流之運動趨勢。研究中並整合具機率概念之地貌型瞬時單位歷線理論與代表集水區河網結構之寬度函數,進而推導求得以寬度函數為主軸之地貌型瞬時單位歷線之通式。 為評估模式之適用性,本研究採用臺灣北部淡水河流域之寶橋、橫溪與三峽等三個集水區以及中部大甲溪流域之德基水庫上游集水區共35場颱洪事件作為模式檢定與驗證之憑藉,其模擬結果及實際觀測值間之誤差在可接受範圍內。研究中並比較上述四研究集水區之研析結果,發現不同河川網路結構之集水區具有不同之地貌瞬時單位歷線,集而對逕流之模擬結果造成影響。經研究結果顯示,證實河川網路型態為降雨—逕流過程中重要之地文因子。因此,本研究所提出以寬度函數為主軸之地貌型瞬時單位歷線模式,可適用於中上遊集水區之颱洪事件逕流模擬,牌供臺灣集水區防洪規劃及水土保持研析之參考應用。 |
英文摘要 | This study aims at building up a geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph model (GIUH model) that appropriately reflects the characteristics of the real structure of a stream network. Two main ideals are introduced into the GIUH model: On one hand, the width function obtained by River Tools software is proposed to explain the structure of a river network; on the other hand, in order to deduce travel time distributions in channel links that clarifies the motion tendency of water particles, the kernel function of the GIUH model is decided using the diffusion analogy. The GIUH theory containing the concept of probability is subsequently combined with the width function hat represents the structure of rive r network of watershed to build up a width-function based GIUH in the form of a generalized formula. Thirty-five typhoon events are included in this study to test and verify the suitability of the GIUH model, using data from Bao-Qiao, Heng-Xi, San-Xia and De-Ji watersheds in Taiwan. Errors between the simulation results and the observation values are within acceptable range. In addition to the verification, it is obvious that the our different structures of river networks have different GIUHs. Accordingly, it also can lead to different effects on the outcomes of simulations. The results of this research show that the shape of a river network is an important physiographic factor of the rainfall-runoff process. To this end, the width-function based GIUH proposed in this study can be sued to simulate typhoon events for hillslope watersheds in Taiwan and plays a referential role on the planning of flood mitigation and the administering of water-soil conservation in Taiwan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。