頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 為保定系而戰--中日戰爭初期之軍事人才職業化與軍事政治=In Defense of the Baoding Clique: Professionalism and Military Politics at the Outset of the Sino-Japanese War |
---|---|
作 者 | Mackinnon,Stephen R.; | 書刊名 | 中華軍史學會會刊 |
卷 期 | 6 2001.08[民90.08] |
頁 次 | 頁149-172 |
分類號 | 628.5 |
關鍵詞 | 中日戰爭; 軍事人才職業化; 軍事政治; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese);英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在1938年1月到10月的十個月中,武漢保衛戰成了中日戰爭的焦點。伴隨著屠殺、犧牲及種種如泡沫般消散的希望,武漢搖身變為事實上的戰時首都,這種情形一直持續到十月份武漢陷落為止。從政治上看,國民黨、共產黨和其它的第三黨派們組成一個軍政府,該政府容忍如陳獨秀、張國燾及托派左翼分子等異見者的存在。其間,第一屆國民參政會召開,並採用議會式的辯論方式。自由出版也開花結果,藝術作品中洋溢無盡的創造力。 此時的武漢是在保定軍校畢業生的領導下進行抗戰的,也正是這些出身保定軍校的領導者們使得這種開放的政治氣氛成為可能。這一職業化的軍事精英團體的影響力中和了那些較為政治化的國民黨和共產黨領導者的權力。本文擬就保定系及其領導者─蔣百里 (蔣方震)─對1930年代的軍事戰略與政治的影響作─初步的探討,論證1938年是保定系勢力發展的巔峰。此後,特別是1940-41年皖南事變之後,或者絕對故忠蔣介石,或者站到第八路軍的一邊,成了比戰爭中軍事領導之職業化更為重要的問題。 本文以蔣百里及其他保定系的關鍵人物如白崇禧、薛岳等人的軍事生涯為討論之中心。 |
英文摘要 | For ten months from January to October, 1938, the defense of Wuhan occupied center stage in the Sino-Japanese War. In the midst of an atmosphere of carnage, heroics, and false hope, Wuhan blossomed as the de facto wartime capital until it fell in October. Politically, the Kuomintang, Communists, and third parties joined in a military led government that tolerated dissenters like Chen Duxiu, Zhang Guotao, and the Trotskyist left. The National Peoples Council met for the first time and engaged in parliamentary like debates, a free press flowered, and enormous creative energies were unleashed in the arts. At Wuhan it was Baoding Military Academy graduates who led the city’s defense and made possible the open political atmosphere. The influence of this professional military elite neutralized that of the more politically directed Communists and Kuomintang leaders. This paper is a preliminary study of the impact of the Baoding clique and its leader, Jiang Baili (Jiang Fang-zhen), on military strategy and politics of the 1930s: arguing that 1938 was the culmination of the clique's influence. Thereafter, especially after the Wanan incident of 1940-41, absolute loyalty to Chiang Kai shek or the 8th Route Army became more important than professionalism in the military leadership of the war. The paper focuses on the careers of Jiang Baili and other key Baoding figures like Generals Bai Chongxi or Hsueh Yueh.. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。