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題名 | 廢鎳鎘電池中回收鎘和鎳金屬=Recycling Cd and Ni Metals from Scrap Ni-Cd Battery |
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作 者 | 楊純誠; 邱振堯; | 書刊名 | 明志技術學院學報 |
卷期 | 33 2001.06[民90.06] |
頁次 | 頁95-107 |
分類號 | 400.16 |
關鍵詞 | 廢鎳/鎘電池; 定電位電解; 酸萃取; 重金屬回收; Scrap Ni-Cd battery; Potentiostatic deposition; Acid extraction; Heavy metal recovery; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究是針對廢鎳╱鎘電池的回收重金屬製程進行研究。主要是針對AA大小之廢 鎳鎘電池做回收研究, 其含兩個主要程序,即強酸萃取及定電位電解回收。 以 HCl、H �� SO �瓷BHNO �隻U種無機酸萃取廢鎳鎘電池中的鎳╱鎘重金屬。 電池在萃取之前先行拆卸, 把其中的金屬外殼和隔離膜去除, 主要被萃取成分為電流收集器、正極氫氧化鎳( Ni(OH) �砥^和負極( Cd(OH) �砥^活性物質。實驗結果發現以 HCl 萃取重金屬的效果最佳。 由於因為電池萃取液的 pH<1, 為了提高電解回收效率需加入適量之錯離子調整提高 pH 值 ,錯離子使鎳、鎘離子在溶液中更加穩定。錯離子的種類如 NH �陛B醋酸根、檸檬酸根等及 適當量的錯離子莫耳比做有系統的研究分析。結果顯示以檸檬酸根的回收效果最理想,最適 當的錯離子莫耳比為 1:1。電解回收時,針對一顆的電池萃取液回收鎘時,陰極電位控制在 -1120mV vs. SCE 回收效果為最佳。實驗結果顯示,回收電解時使用銅片的庫倫效率一般可 達 70-90% 之間。一般電極反應在動力控制下,會有較佳的庫倫效率、回收速率、鍍層結構 和效率,但實際上依萃取濃度錯離子種類及濃度、溫度、電解電位、質傳條件而定。由實驗 結果發現鎘金屬回收在對流質傳操作條件下,可獲得較高的回收率和效率。 |
英文摘要 | This study is focused on the recycling process of heavy metals for scrap Ni-Cd battery. The commercial AA size Ni-Cd battery had been chosen in this investigation. The metal recovery processes included two steps, concentrated acid extraction and potentiostatic deposition recovery. The extraction solvents, like HCl, H �� SO ��, HNO ��, were used to extract Ni and Cd metals through the recycle scrap Ni-Cd battery process. Before carried out the extraction, the scrap Ni-Cd battery needs to be demolished, the metal can and separator need to be separated. The major extracted materials are the active material Ni(OH) �� in the positive electrode, the active material Cd(OH) �� in the negative electrode, and the Ni current collector. It was experimentally found that HCl is the most effective solvent to extract the Ni and Cd metals. The pH of extracted solution is <1 (strong acid), the pH of extracted needs to do adjust to 7 in order to have high recovery efficiency through organic complex reagents addition. The complex reagents will stabilize the metals ions (Ni, Cd, and Co, etc.) in aqueous solution. The types of complex agents, such as NH ��, Ac, citrate, etc, and mole ratio (metal: complex) in solution had been systematically studied. The experimental results show the citrate complex reagent is preferred, the optimum ratio is 1:1. The recovery process for heavy metals was carried out by the potentiostatic deposition. The optimum cathode potential was found at -1120 mV vs. SCE. It was found the recovery efficiency is quite high, around 70-90% range. Under this condition, the electrode reaction is under the kinetic controlled. The recovery rate and efficiency depends highly on the process variables, such as the concentration of complex reagent, type of agents, temperature, recovery cathode potential, mass transfer conditions, etc. It was found that both Cd recovery rate and efficiency were increased under convention condition. |
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