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題名 | Harmonizing Agricultural and Eevironmental Policies=農業政策與環境政策之調和 |
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作者姓名(外文) | Lichtenberg,Erik; | 書刊名 | 農業經濟叢刊 |
卷期 | 5:2 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁次 | 頁133-163 |
分類號 | 431.1 |
關鍵詞 | 農業與環境; 環境保護; 資源保育; 農藥; 肥料; 稀有水資源; 森林開伐; Agriculture and environment; Environmental protection; Resource conservation; Pesticides; Fertilizers; Water scarcity; Deforestation; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文討論三個課題,此三個課題主要是由經濟理論與改善農業生產對環境保護及資 源保育之歷史經驗歸納而來。首先,為了皮農業生產與環境品質之整合是可行的,由政府發 展出對環境友善和資源保育之科技,同時,由政?帶引投資於人力資源之改善是相當關鍵的。 再者,由於新科技帶來之影響,一般而言是難以預料的,因此有必要對環境保護與資源保育 維持適當的誘因(比如,對可能產生污染之要素扔入課稅,將資源價格訂於其社會機會成本 之水準或建立清楚的所有權制度)。最後,目前許多國家農業部門之政策,比如價格支持、生 產投入補貼、進口限制及社會福利獎勵政策等,是造成環境與資源惡化的原因。因此,農業 部門政策之革新對改善農業之環境保護與資源保育是有必要的。 |
英文摘要 | I discuss three general lessons drawn from economic theory and historical experience for improving the performance of agriculture with respect to environmental protection and resource conservation. First government development of environment-friendly, resource-conserving technologies and government investment in improvements in human capital are critical for making it feasible to reconcile agricultural productivity with environmental quality. Second, because new technologies evoke responses that are difficult to anticipate, it is essential to maintain proper incentives for environmental protection and resource conservation (e g., taxes on the use of polluting inputs, setting prices of resources at their social opportunity costs, establishing clear property rights). Third, agriculture sector policies like price supports, input subsidies, limitations on imports, and settlement promotion policies are important causes of environmental and resource degradation in many countries, thus, agriculture sector policy reform is necessary to improve environmental protection and resource conservation in agriculture. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。