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頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 氣喘的分類=The Classification of Bronchial Asthma |
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作 者 | 吳清平; | 書刊名 | 國防醫學 |
卷 期 | 31:4 2000.10[民89.10] |
頁 次 | 頁265-271 |
專 輯 | 支氣管性氣喘專輯 |
分類號 | 415.425 |
關鍵詞 | 氣喘; 氣喘分類; Bronchial asthma; Asthma classification; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 氣喘的分類可以依發作的嚴重度,型態及原因,分成不同類別。依發作的嚴重度分類,可以做為臨床處置的依據。而嚴重度的判斷是以發作的頻率,氣道阻塞的程度及變異值為主,將氣喘分成間歇性,輕度持續性,中度持續性及重度持續性等四級。發作程度愈重,藥物使用的種類及份量愈重。只是氣喘的嚴重度常被低估,因為氣道阻塞的肺功能測試並不普及。而依氣端發作的型態分類,可以有季節性氣喘,咳嗽變異型氣喘,兒童氣端及老年氣喘。這四種型態的氣喘經常會被誤診,因此應該就個別的臨床特徵加以介紹,以免處置不當。至於發作原因的分類,特別是針對環境過敏因子,一直是許多人的夢想,可以針對原因,加以防範,不必使用過當藥物。只是有不少病患根本找不出過敏原,使得原因分類的想法變得並不可行。不過最近發現血中IgE濃度與氣端發作指標,在所有的氣喘病患,都有一定的相關性。這可能意味所有氣喘的發作型態,其實都與環境及其他過敏原所引起的炎性反應,有很大的關係。 |
英文摘要 | Broncihal asthma may be classified upon the basis of severity, pattern and etiology. It is important to have severity classification when decisions have to be made about management. The assessment was made based on clinical or symptom indices of disease severity. Both the level of airflow limitation and its variability were used to subdivide the severity into 4 levels as intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent. The severity of asthma is often underestimated, which is largely because of a failure to use measurements of lung function for assessment. The classification according to pattern of asthma attack can be grouped to be seasonal asthma, cough-variant asthma, childhood asthma and elderly asthma. These 4 groups are frequently misdiagnosed and should have more emphasis on the individual features to prevent inappropriate treatment. Many attempts have been made to classify asthma according to etiology, particularly with regard to environmental sensitizing agents. Such a classification is severely hampered by the existence of a group of patients in whom no environmental cause can be identified. However, the association between serum IgE levels and indices of asthma in all age groups found recently, including those nonatopic, raise the possibility that all forms of asthma relate to inflammation response initiated by environmental or other allergic antigens. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。