查詢結果分析
來源資料
相關文獻
- 應用分子標記輔助選拔改良雜交水稻的白葉枯病抗性
- 栽培稻(Oryza sativa)與野生稻(O. nivara)種間雜種及回交後裔族群產量性狀之變異
- 回交次數對稉秈稻雜種後裔稔實率及株高與育種選拔率之影響
- 基因淺解及最近發現的農業上有用基因
- 栽培稻(Oryza sativa)與野生稻(O. nivara)種間雜種及回交後裔族群生育期、株高及穗長性狀之遺傳及育種行為
- 栽培稻(Oryza sativa)與野生稻(O. nivara)種間雜種及回交後裔族群糙米性狀之遺傳研究
- A 10/100 Mbps Data Recovery System ByFive Phases Sampling
- 作物育種觀念與技術之發展
- 附買回交易中保管機構之法律責任
- 附買回交易之法律性質探析
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 應用分子標記輔助選拔改良雜交水稻的白葉枯病抗性=Improvement of Bacterial Blight Resistance of Hybrid Rice Using Marker-assisted Selection |
---|---|
作者 | 陳升; 張啟發; | 書刊名 | 科學農業 |
卷期 | 48:5/6 民89.06 |
頁次 | 頁111-119 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 雜交稻; 恢復系; 回交; 分子育種; Hybrid rice; Restorer line; Xa21; Backcross; Molecular breeding; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 分子標記輔助選拔技術因可對目標基因快速而精確的選擇,為回交育種提供了非常有效的選拔工具。本實驗係利用分子標記輔助的回交育種方法,將廣譜高抗白葉枯病基因Xa21迅速導入到雜交水稻的兩個優良恢復系明恢63和6078之中,通過配組達到改良雜交水稻的目的。研究所採用的育種程序包括一次雜交、三次回交和一次自交,用PCR標記對目標基因片段實施選擇,使含有目標基因的轉移片段小於3.8cM;應用RFLP或AFLP標記技術對遺傳背景實施選擇,使除開目標基因區段之外,改良型恢復系基因組與原恢復系相同。多菌系接種鑑定試驗結果表明,改良型恢復系明恢63(Xa21)和6078(Xa21)及其雜交組合的抗性水平較原恢復系及其雜交組合均顯著提高。農藝性狀比較試驗結果顯示:在無病害發生的自然條件下,改良型恢復系及其雜交組合的各種農藝性狀表現與原恢復系及其雜交組合基本相同;而在嚴重病害條件下,改良型恢復系及其雜交組合的農藝表現,包括產量及其三個構成因子,均較原恢復系及其雜交組合顯著提高。改良型恢復系與5個在我國應同很廣的秈型三系雄性不育系雜交組臺的農藝性狀調查結果亦表明,經過分子標記輔助的回交育種程序所培育的改良型恢復系,較好地保持了原恢復系的配合力水平。 |
英文摘要 | Moleclar maker-assisted selection (MAS) has been advocated as a highly efficient breeding method because it can offer rapid and precise selection of the targeted gene. It provides a new approach for hybrid rice genetic improvement. The objectives of this study were: to improve the bacterial bight (BB) resistance of two restorer lines of hybrid rice. 'Minghui 63' and '6078', by introgressing Xa21, a broad-spectrum BB resistance gene, using MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing; and to evaluate the efficiency of different molecular markers in genetic background selection in order to establish a comprehensive molecular narker-assisted backcross breeding strategy in restorer line improvement. In the practice of the improvement of Minghui 63, a PCR-based MAS system for Xa21 introgressing segment was established. It consisted of a marker representing the Xa21 locus, a maker linked to the Xa21 locus at a distance of 0.8 cM on one side, and a marker at distance of 3.0 cM from the gene on the other side. The selection was carried out in tandem in which a recombinant was obtained between Xa21 and one of the makers in BC1F1 and a subsequent recombinant was obtained be between the gene and the maker at the other side in BC2F1. The genetic background of Minghui 63 was recovered in BC3F1 using a total of 128RFLP markers evenly distributed on the 12 rice chromosomes. Thus the improved version of Minghui 63, tentatively referred to as 'Minghui' 63 (Xa21)' , was exactly the same as the original Minghui 63 in the entire genome except for a fragment of less than 3.8 cM in length surrounding the Xa21 locus. A slightly different strategy was adopted for introgressing Xa21 to 6078, a new restorer line. The main difference is that the background selection was carried out mainly in BC1F1, and selections for recombinants were conducted in BC2F1 and BC3F1. Another difference is that AFLP marker was used for background selection. Both of the improved restorer lines, Minghui 63 (Xa21) and '6078 (Xa21)', showed the same level and spectrum of BB resistance as the donor parent 'IRBB21' with artificial inoculation, and the same agronomic performance including the combining ability as the original restorer lines when there was no disease stress. The agronomic performance of the improved restorer lines, Minghui 63 (Xa21) and '6078 (Xa21)', and their hybrids was significantly better than the unimproved version under field conditions with artificial inoculation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。