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題 名 | 原料配方對擠壓緩衝產品機械特性之影響=Effects of Feed Compositions on Mechanical Properties of Loose-Fill Extrudates |
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作 者 | 莊世昌; 彭錦樵; 宋國祥; 戴思雯; | 書刊名 | 農林學報 |
卷 期 | 49:2 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁 次 | 頁1-15 |
分類號 | 434.251 |
關鍵詞 | 聚乙烯醇; 氫氧化鈣; 尿素; PVA; Calcium hydroxide; Urea; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本實驗是利用單軸擠壓機,以食用玉米粉為主原料,添加不同比例之聚之烯醇 (PVA)、氫氧化鈣(Ca(OH)2)和尿素(Urea),使用三變數五層級的反應曲面法之中心組合旋 轉設計,分別探討原料配方(PVA、氫氧化鈣與尿素的添加比例)對擠壓產品之機械特性(壓 縮性、彈性指數)之影響。 實驗結果顯示: 產品壓縮性會隨PVA、氫氧化鈣添加比例的增加而有下降之趨勢。尿素的添加會促使產 品之壓縮性有先下附後上升的趨勢。產品彈性指隨PVA及氫氧化鈣添加比例增加而有先上升 後下降之趨勢。且當氫氧化鈣添加比例在5.5%∼6.5%時,產品有最高之彈性指數。尿素對 彈性指數沒有顯著影響。若要得到較低的壓縮性及較高的彈性指數,原料配方應選擇的PVA 添加比例為20%以上,氫氧化鈣添加比例為6%∼6.5%間,以及尿素添加比例為0.6%∼0.7 %間。 |
英文摘要 | The corn grit was used as the raw material in a single-screw extruder to study the effects of feed compositions on mechanical properties of loose-fill extrudates. The response surface methodology with three variables and five levels was used as the experimental design. The process variables were the ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and urea. The extrudate's mechanical properties such as compressibility, spring index were investigated. Experimental results indicated that: The extrudate's compressibility decreased with increasing the PVA and Ca(OH)2 ratios. However, the compressibility decreased first and increased gradually as increasing the urea ratio. The extrudat's spring index increased first and decreased gradually as increasing PVA and Ca(OH)2 ratios. Urea had no significant effect on the spring index. The best feed compositions for low compressibility and high spring index of loose-fill extrudates were at more than 20% PVA ratio, 5.5%~6.5% Ca(OH)2 ratio, and 0.6%~0.7% urea ratio. |
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