頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 燃油集塵灰淨化處理與副產物市場調查研究=A Study on the Market Estimates and Treated Technology of the Purified Products from EP Oil-fired Fly Ash |
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作者 | 蔡敏行; 顏富士; 李聰盛; 陳茂景; 曹志明; 劉源隆; Tsai, Mim-shing; Yen, Fu-su; Lee, Tsong-sheng; Chen, Mao-jing; Tsao, Chin-ming; Liu, Yen-long; |
期刊 | 台電工程月刊 |
出版日期 | 20000400 |
卷期 | 620 2000.04[民89.04] |
頁次 | 頁59-75 |
分類號 | 445.2593 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 燃油飛灰; 市場調查; 資源回收; 濕法冶金; 重油飛灰燃燒; 微爆燃燒; 污染排放; 輕質建築用磚; 複合磚; 溶出率; Oil-fired fly ashes; Market reconnaissance; Recycling; Hydrometallurgy; Oil fly-ash mixture combustion; Microexplosion combustion; Pollutant emission; Lightweight constuructional brick; Composite brick; Leaching rate; |
中文摘要 | 燃油飛灰為鍋爐燃油過程所產生之事業廢棄物,其主要成份金曲末燃碳 與硫酸鹽類所構成,並含有釗、鎳等有價金屬成份。因油灰中所含的釗、鎳品位 與天然資源相當,國外已有回收油灰中有價物質之實例。有鑑於此,本研究即以 油灰資源化為目標,分為以下三主題進行研究:],燃油飛灰資源化程序之確立, 與副產物市場調查研究。2.燃油飛灰燃燒及污染排放特性研究。3,添加燃油飛 灰試作經質建築用磚之研究。 研究採用已開發之硫錶-鹼兩段浸漬處理流程,以30k功能之實驗室規模進行連續 操作處理,浸出油灰中之釗、鎳有價成份,再以溶媒萃取方式回收釗、鎳產品, 副產物有硫鏤和殘碳。所得產物經品質分析,獲知硫酸鎳純度達99.85,其中釗、 銅、鋅、鋁等雜質總量在0.l5呀以下,而且其濃度為120 g/L,已達鎳電鍍液規 格,可直接供為電鍍原液使用。釩經添加硫銨晶析後,所得偏釩酸銨的純度可達 99.0以上,經焙燒轉化為五氧化二釩,其品質已可符合市售規格。硫銨溶液除部 份用於偏釩酸銨沉澱之外,可晶析供為肥料使用或蒸餾回收氨水。殘碳經實驗證 實具有活性碳之吸附特性與煤碳之熱值,可供為吸附劑或燃料使用。 此外,經浸漬處理後之殘碳所含鹽類及重金屬含量皆降低,有利於吸附性質與熱 值之提高,以及免除重金屬溶出之顧慮。將其添加於重油中混合燃燒所排放之粒 狀物、SO�砥BNOx與重油燃燒排放相似。若與黏土混合可增進其捏合性,並可由 殘碳添加量的不同,製成輕質、隔音、隔熱之多功能磚材。因此,釩、鎳的回收 處理為殘碳資源化之先決條件。 台電年發生量13,000噸之燃油飛灰經上述資源化處理,約可獲得釩130噸、鎳90 噸、殘碳7,000噸、氨1,040噸等產物。經評估台灣市場需求量,得知上述產品量 所佔比例不大,應可被國內市場吸收,因此估計油灰全量資源化之年產值約可達 101,400,000元。本研究所開發燃油飛灰整體資源化處理技術,由實驗室之連續操 作獲得初步之化工數據,可供為未來興建先導廠之參考,以進一步落實油灰資源 化之工作。 |
英文摘要 | Oil-fired fly ashes (OFFA) are industrial wastes from oil-burningprocesses in power plants. The main components of unbumed carbons andwater soluble sulfates, OFFA also comprises traceable components ofvaluable metals, such as vanadium and nickel. The concentration of bothmetals, about 1-2 wt , are comparable to that of the natural resources. Thealien success of the recovery of these metals has inspired us to set the goalof resources recovery for OFFA in Taiwan. Three studies are conducted inthis research: (1) The establishment of a resource recycling process of OFFAand a market suruey of OFFA byproducts. (2) Study on combustion andemission characteristics of OFFA. And (3) The addition of OFFA to themanufacture of constructed bricks. Based on the ammonia-caustic co-leaching process, a continuous leachingexperiment of laboratory scale, 30kg OFFA/hour, is conducted to recover thevanadium and nickel metals. Solvent extraction methods convert thevaluable metals into a leaching liquor by which products of vanadium and nickel, and byproducts of ammonia sulfate and carbons are obtained. Chemical analysis reveals that: 1. Nickel sulfate with the concentration of120 g/L and purity of 99.85 (impurities V, Cu, Zn and Al contents less than 0.15 ) can meet the market specification for electro-bath. 2. After being treated with addition of ammonia sulfate, the precipitated ammonia meta-vanadate is as pure as 99.0 , which, after calcined to product, can meet the market specification, too. 3. Part of the ammonia sulfate solution can be reused to precipitate ammonia meta-vanadate, and the others can be precipitated and used as fertilizer. 4. The residual carbon, as proved by basic characterization experiment, can be used as an activated carbon andfuel. A complete resources recycling process for the OFFA has thereforebeen established in this study. Additionally, after leaching treatments, the heavy metals and saltscontents that may induce contamination will be much reduced. The processalso results in an increment in the adsorption capability and heat value fordie residual carbon. Burning tests reveals that, when heavy oil is mixed withthe residual carbon, the amount of emission particles, SO��, and NOx aresimilar to that of burning heavy oil. The residual carbon can be mixed withclay to make building-bricks. Synthetic materials of energy-saving andinsulation of multi-purpose can be made. However, the recovery ofvanadium and nickel must be an essential treatment to OFFA. The annual production of OFFA is 13,000 tons for Taipower. Apreliminary estimation shows the tonnage of the production of the recycledmaterials is 130 tons of vanadium, 90 tons of nickel, carbon 7,000 tons ofresidual and 1,040 tons of ammonia. The market assessment shows thistonnage is of small portion of the market demand, and can be consumedwithout difficulty. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。