頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 臺灣鄉鎮推廣人員農業知識來源之調查研究=A Study of the Improvement in Technical Knowledge of Agricultural Extension Advisors in Taiwan, China |
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作者 | 陳錦文; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 60 民56.12 |
頁次 | 頁121-136 |
關鍵詞 | 農業推廣人員; 知識來源; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the important sources from which extension advisors obtained agricultural production knowledge, (2) the importance of methods by which learning opportunities had been provided for extension adivisors, (3) how satisfied extension advisors had been with knowledge of various subject matter fields, (4) the problems encountered by advisors in obtaining knowledge, (5) suggestions for future improvement of methods in providing learning opportunities for advisors, and (6) the preferred generalist-specialist role of extension advisors as a guide to improving their technical knowledge in the future. Four null hypotheses were developed to test the relationships of relevant variables with: (1) the degree of helpfulness of sources of knowledge, (2) the degree of importance of methods, (3) the degree of satisfaction with knowledge, and (4) the degree of difficulty experienced in obtaining knowledge. The study consists of 117 farm and 4-H advisors of township farmers' associations, 89 per cent of a random sample of 135 drawn form a universe of 673. About 80 per cent of them were graduates of senior vocational agricultural schools. The majority had worked as extension advisors for more than five years. A mail quesionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Important sources of agricultural production knowledge according to rank order were district agricultural improvement stations, three sources of agricultural publications, and county farmers' associations. Important methods by which learning opportunities were provided for the advisors according to priority included: training at the provincial level, visits and guidance by specialists, training at the district level, tours of demonstrations and agricultural projects, magazines and bulletins. Over 50 per cent of advisors obtaining knowledge were "satisfied" with eleven out of twenty-eight subject-matter fields, although only a minority were "very satisfied" with knowledge they had obtained. More than 33 per cent of advisors had problems of one kind or another in obtaining knowledge. Adivsors who had higher degree of satisfaction with knowledge obtained or two had less difficulty in obtaining knowledge tended to have higher degree of overall job satisfaction. Most advisors perceived themselves as "generalists" and had particular interests in one or two subject-matter fields. Statistically, there was a significant difference between overall job satisfaction and the degree of satisfaction with knowledge of several important subject-matter fields. Most of the other null hypotheses tested were without significant difference. The following conclusions as well as suggestions are made on the basis of this study: There is a need for improving technical knowledge of extension advisors in order to increase the degree of their satisfaction with knowledge and to minimize the degree of their difficulty which they will experience in obtaining additional knowledge. Such improvement could result in an increase in the degree of their overall job satisfaction. Therefore, more practical knowledge is needed from research findings, especially in the subject-matter fields identified by the extension advisors with low degree of satisfaction. District agricultural improvement stations should develop a betterr specialist's service as should county farmers' associations. More and better in-service training short-courses should be planned and carried out at the provincial level. Lecturediscussion techniques should be used in the provincial and district training sessions. Agricultural publications, including technical bulletins and magazines, should have more in-depth articles for extension advisors to read. Positions of 2-3 full-time training and evaluation specialists should be established at the provincial level to take overall responsibilities for the improvement in technical knowledge of extension workers. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。