頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 32P對於水稻誘變作用之研究=The Effects of Absorbed Radioactive Phosphorus on Rice |
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作 者 | 黃正華; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 29 民49.03 |
頁 次 | 頁7-15 |
關鍵詞 | 32P; 水稻誘變作用; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | Preliminary investigation on mutation induction by radioisotope 32P has been carried out, using rice plant for test organism. The purposes of this investigation were (1) to determine the amount of 32P that could be tolerated by germinating seeds and young seedlings of rice, and (2) to observe the effects on chromosomes and induced sterility of absorbed sublethal amounts. Besides these, some data might be established to estimate the effectiveness of using 32P as an internal radiation source on practival objectives. Germinated seeds treated with radioactive 32P at the dose below 20 microcuries per seed did not show any visible retardation of growth during the 14-day treatment. Nevertheless, there was showed insistent deterioration on seedling growth by heavy treatment (See Fig 1). In addition, seedlings treated with high doses appeared very weak and died off at the period of 10 to 14 days after treatment. However, there was probably some differences in regard to the degree that could be endured by young seedlings between two varieties studied. Chianan No.8 seems being more sensitive to the effects of absorbed 32P than Taichung No. 65 variety. The maximal amounts of 32P that could be torlerated by young seedlings of rice from this experiment studied was limited in 30 microcuries per seed. This result is in agreement with that of Mashima S. and Kawai T. proposed in their experiment. The plant height of survival seedlings measured at the time of transplanting showed no great difference between treated plots as well as between treated plant and control. Cytological studies of treated plants and untreated plots this investigation indicated that breakages had occurred following absorption of measured amounts of 32P which were used. The most frequently observed aberration figures in the treated plants were tetravalents in metaphase Ⅰ(Table 2 ). Rarely anaphase bridges and chromosome fragments were also found. The frequency of observed aberrations showed no significant difference between two varieties. However, those treatments with high amounts of 32P seemed bringing about more alterations than lower ones. The induced phenotopic changes in this generation because of the small sample could not be identified exactly. Several plants were decreased in height and prolonged their heading date under the heavy treatments, but it mainly can be ascribed due to inhibition of growth rather than genetic reactions. The most remarkable influence of 32P treatment on rice plant from this experiment was reduced fertility. Although, the fertility is varied from individual panicles and also differed from plants, the degrees of fertility decreased with the increasing amounts of absorbedphosphorus were no doubtful. |
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