頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 磷鉀對於黃花羽扇豆之生長收量礦物成分及其後效作用=Effect of Phosphorus and Potash on the Growth, Yield and Mineral Composition of Yellow Lupine in Connection with Their Residual Effects |
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作 者 | 林家棻; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 28 民48.12 |
頁 次 | 頁24-38 |
關鍵詞 | 磷鉀; 黃花羽扇豆; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | A field experiment with 3×3 factorial design was conducted on the red soil interplanted with tea plant, with the attempt to study the effect of PK on the growth, yield, and mineral composition of yellow lupine during successive growing stages, and to trace out the significant effect of phosphorus as well as the insignificant effect of potassium on the crop yield found by the previous investigators. In the next year, the same crop was raised in each treated plot without fertilization in order to find out the residual effect of PK on crop yield, nutrient uptake and the level of soil fertility. The results obtained in this experiment may be summarized as follows. Height of plant, number of tillers and leaves per plant, and hay yield were increased markedly by increasing the rate of phosphatic fertilization. However, a reverse was obtained by the application of potash. Variance analyses and significant t tests, derived separately from the data regarding the dry matter contents in the roots and tops of lupine, sampled from all treated plots at five successive growing stages, showed that application of phosphorus almost simultaneously increased both weights of tops and roots, whereas, of potash initially reduced the weight of roots and then the weight of tops. In other words, potash checked the root growth before the shoot growth. Ratios of the average nitrogen content of tops to that of roots resulting from the application of potash were usually higher than those from phosphatic fertilization at the initial stage or 30 days after germination. By the way, a reverse was found at flowering stage or 150 days after germination. It seemed to indicate that the addition of potash would likely depress the nitrogen fixation from the air by the nodual bacteria of lupine. Judging from the interaction between percent K and Ca in the dry matter of upper portion of lupine, it was noticed that they were always inversely related each other throughout the initial stage to the whole blossom stage. Consequently, the application of potassium would depress the absorption of calcuim which was considered one of the dominant elements for the development of roots as had been observed from water culture study by the author in the other experiment. It was concluded that the little or deleterious effect of potassium on lupine found in this experiment was due, at least a part, to the marked anatagonism between K and Ca. Effect of residual soil phosphorus on following lupine, estimated from crop yield and phosphorus uptake, was equivalent to quantities as large as 30%-40% of the application made to the same crop in the preceeding year. The response of lupine to the residual soil potash had a similar trend but of lesser magnitude than that of the preceeding year. Very little difference was found regarding the total nitrogen content in the soil samples derived from different treated plots at the end of this experiment. Contrarily the soil phosphorus extracted by 0.1N HC1 plus 0.03N NH4F was consistantly increased as the rate phosphatic fertilization has been increased. Furthermore, when the rate of superphosphate was maintained constant, the extractable phosphate was also increased in accompany with the amount of potash had been added. The amount of exchangeable soil potash extracted was positively related to the rate of potash added and negatively to the rate of superphosphate applied. The data for apparent P fixation in the field condition showed that an average of 57% of total P added were fixed in the 0-20 cm of soil. If were also found that the application of 20 kg/ha of P2O5 not omly would cause a net gain of 20 kg/ha of N fixed from the air by lupine but also would maintian a considerable amount of readily leacheable soil potash and decrease the leaching loss of K from the soil. Mutual correlation between each pair of following nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium in the above ground portion of lupine in connection with their ratios and amount of nutrient removed by lupine during successive growing stages were also discussed. Linear regression between percent phosphorus in the plant at different stages versus hay yield at flowering stage were also determined separately. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。