頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | Effect of Dams on Fish Assemblages of the Tachia River, Taiwan=水壩對大甲溪魚類相之影響 |
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作 者 | 張明雄; 林曜松; 莊鈴川; | 書刊名 | Acta Zoologica Taiwanica |
卷 期 | 10:2 民88.07 |
頁 次 | 頁77-90 |
分類號 | 387.109232 |
關鍵詞 | 水壩; 魚類相; 種歧異度; 河流魚類區; Dam; Fish fauna; Species diversity; River zone; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 一九八九年至一九九二年間,在谷關壩至出海口間的大甲溪流域四個河段,共捕獲魚類三十五種。種類數由上游河段的七種加到至下游河段的三十一種,種類數有朝下游增加的趨勢。Shannon-Wiener歧異度指數也從上游的1.24增下游的2.41。依據上游源頭溪流魚類相、究中之兩相鄰河段間魚類組成的差異性與水壩位置,大甲溪的魚類相可區分為上、中、下游三個魚類區。德基水庫之上與谷關壩與天輪壩之間的上游河段,□魚和纓口鰍是優勢種;天輪壩與石岡壩之間的中游河段,溪哥、路□和臺灣間爬岩鰍是典型魚種;石岡壩以下的下游河段,則是以溪哥、吳郭魚和烏魚為代表性魚種。不論是魚種豐富度或是種歧異度,水壩下游都較上游為高。在六種廣泛分佈的魚類中,溪哥是天輪壩之下河段的優勢種,卻未曾在天輪壩之上的河段發現。除了石岡水壩以下河段的種類數與相對豐富度具有夏、秋兩季高於冬、春兩季,石岡水壩以上河段的魚種組成都沒有季節性的變化。□魚、脂鮠、臺灣間爬岩鰍與纓口鰍等上游河段的普遍種,在夏、秋兩季石岡水壩排水期間的出現率,遠高於冬春季的枯水期。此外,部份棲息於河口附近的魚類,亦可趁排水朝上游淡水域上溯,野生白?和日本禿頭鯊即可在排水期近石岡壩處之河段埔獲。水壩不僅破壞自然河道落差,而且,阻隔魚類的上溯遷移;也控制下游河道的水量,造成棲地不穩定性的魚類被沖至下游,改變了溪流的魚類。 |
英文摘要 | A total of 37 species was caught in the Tachia River from the Kukuan Dam to the river mouth between 1989 and 1992. species richness increased from seven species upstream to 32 species downstream in the river. Shannon-Wiener’s species diversity also increased from 1.24 in the ulpstream to 2.52 in the downstream section. The fish fauna of the Tachia River could be divided into three fish zones according to the fish fauna study to Tasao (1994), this study, and the positions of dams in the river. Varicorhinus barbatulus and Crossostoma lacustre were the dominat specied in the upper segment between the Kukuan and Tienluen Dams. Zacco spp., Acrossochelius paradoxus, and Heminyzon formosanum were the most adundant species in midstream betweent he Tienluen and Shikuan Dams. Zacco spp. Tilapia sp., and Mugil cephalus were the dominant species in the downstream segment below Shikuan Dam. Both fish richness and diversity indices were higher in the down-stream thatn supstream sections. Among six widely distributed specices, Zacco spp, were not found upstream of Tienluen Dam, although it was dominant below Tienluen Dam. Except for the section below Shikuan Dam, the fish species richness and relative abundance showed no seasonal change. In the section below Shikuan Dam, more species and individuals were sampled in summer and autumn than in spring or winter. In flooding periods (e.g., summer and autumn), some species which predominated in upstream sections, including V. barbatulus, Leiocassis adiposalis, H. formosanum, and C. lacustre, could be collected frequently below Shikuan Dam. Species occurring near the river mouth could move further supstream during the flooding period. Native Anguilla japonicus and Sicyopterus japonica were caught near Shikuan Dam during the flooding period. The dams play a role in regulating downstream flow which may distrupt the river gradient and block upstream fish migration, and thus subsequently affect zonation of fish fauna in this river system. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。