頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 日本眾議院議員新選舉制度及其政治效應--以1996年選舉為例=The New Electoral System and Its Political Consequences in Japan--The 1996 Election of the House of Representatives |
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作 者 | 謝相慶; | 書刊名 | 選舉研究 |
卷 期 | 6:2 1999.11[民88.11] |
頁 次 | 頁45-87 |
分類號 | 574.313 |
關鍵詞 | 不比例性; 選舉制度; 有效政黨數; 派閥; 效黨體系; 惜敗率; 政治效應; 比例代表制; 小選舉區制; 分裂投票; 小選舉區比例代表並立制; Disproportionality; Electoral system; Effective number of parties; Fraction; Party system; Percentage of failure/win ballot; Political consequences; Proportional representation; Single-member district; Single-member district & PR party lists parallel system; Splite-voting; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 日本國會眾議院議員選舉制度,原採用「單記非移讓式投票法」,亦即中選舉區比較多數當選制。1988年以來日本一連串的腐化醜聞,要求政治改革的呼聲不斷,終於1994年1月日本國會通過將中選區制改為「小選區比例代表並立制」。本文將描述改革過程,並介紹新選舉制度。 1996年10月20日日本眾議院議員選舉,首次採用「小選區比例代表並立制」。本文將描述此次選舉實況,並分析其所造成的政治效應。 本文研究1996年選舉結果驗證:(1)日本新選舉制度的設計,對自民黨最有利。(2)新選舉制度並未能達到改善金權政治體質,以及導向政黨與政策本位的選舉競爭之預期改革目標。 |
英文摘要 | The Japanese electoral system had adopted the single non-transferable vote (SNTV). Under SNTV, three to five members were elected from each constituency based on a plurality of votes. However, a series of corruption scandals since 1988 in Japan had damaged confidence in political system. As a result, Diet passed new measures transforming the middle-size district system into a mixed-member system in January 1994, combining single-member district & PR party lists. This article introduces the reform process and the new electoral system. It was the first time that Japanese House of Representatives adopted the single-member district & PR party lists parallel system on October 20, 1996. The article is intended to describe the electoral process and analyze its political consequences The preliminary conclusions of the study are: (1) The new electoral system in Japan is of great advantage to LDP. (2) The new electoral system didn't correct the 'money politics' and transform the electoral competition from candidate-oriented to party and policy-oriented in Japan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。