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題 名 | 製程逸散量之估算=Novel Methods for Estimating Fugitive Emissions |
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作 者 | 賴志維; 陳政民; | 書刊名 | 化工資訊月刊 |
卷 期 | 13:5 1999.05[民88.05] |
頁 次 | 頁22-30 |
分類號 | 555.58 |
關鍵詞 | 製程逸散量; Fugitive emissions; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 就製程操作觀點而言,污染來源有:(1)正常操作下,隨製程特性與效率之 差異所產生之廢棄流份,(2) 製程流程中 VOC 之逸散。 前者在各家工廠已皆有嚴格之監控 系統;後者則是 VOC 由設備軸封及管件接合處緩慢外洩至大氣,稱為非預期製程逸散。 為 得知現場製程逸散量之多寡, 美國環保署於 1988 年發表平均逸散因子、漏 / 未漏逸散因 子、美國環保署迴歸關係式及自建迴歸關係式等四種估算製程逸散量的方法,並於 1993 更 新估算參數。 平均逸散因子法僅需各種設備類別之總數即可估算,漏 / 未漏逸散因子法與 美國環保署迴歸關係式法則需各設備附近 VOC 濃度,自建迴歸關係式法最為複雜, 除需各 設備附近 VOC 濃度外,還要取樣足夠多的設備, 實際量測其逸散速率才可估算,所得結果 亦較為準確。本文主要介紹此四種非預期製程逸散量估算方法,期能在估算製程逸散量的同 時,也能著手改善現場逸散情況,進而達到清潔生產之目的。 |
英文摘要 | From the perspective of process operations, two sources of pollution exist: one from the waste streams of process and the other from unintentional releases, called fugitive emissions, of process fluids from equipment. To obtain quantitative information regarding fugitive emissions, the USEPA has collected equipment leak data of over thirty chemical factories since 1970s anbd even published four approaches to estimeate fugitive emissions in 1988, i.e. average exmission factor, leak/no leak emission factor, USEPA correlation and unit-specific correlation. Furthermore, USEPA updated the estimating parameters in 1993. The average emission factor approach only requires an accurate count of equipment components. In addition to the data of equipment components, the leak/no leak emission factor approach and USEPA correlation approach require VOC screening concentration. The most difficult but accurate means of estimating sound number of components in bags and take samples of air flowing through the bags to directly measure emissions. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of these four approaches in estimating fugitive emissions. By adopting these approaches, users will make their production practices cleaner by improving the emissions. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。