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題名 | 協和發電廠#1機鍋爐水牆管破損肇因分析=The Failure Analysis of Water-Wall Tubes of #1 Station Boiler in Shieh-Ho |
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作 者 | 謝運華; 陳燦堂; | 書刊名 | 台電工程月刊 |
卷期 | 616 1999.12[民88.12] |
頁次 | 頁1-15 |
分類號 | 448.13 |
關鍵詞 | 鍋爐; 水牆管; 火側; 波來鐵; 雪明碳鐵; 潛變; 結垢物; Boiler; Waterwall-tube; Fire side; Pearlite; Cementite; Creep; Scale; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 協和發電廠#1機為總發電量50萬千瓦之燃油機組,該機組之鍋爐後爐西側水牆 管南起第37∼57共21支於87年8月6日發生破管,破管範圍分佈在標高44∼56呎之間, 相當於座落在南北側燃燒器第二和第三層之間高度,上述之破管管件中最大破口開度達9cm 長X3cm寬,而大多數管排破口開度較小或者僅腫漲突起。 將爆破之管件做外觀觀察、金相組織分析、機械性質測試、管內外結垢物分析及現場管 排表面觀察,結果顯示破裂口厚度減少並不嚴重,破裂口附近分佈有微裂紋和潛變孔洞,管 內之結垢物有銅膜和氧化物,其厚度以來幅線角落處。500μm最厚,管材組織之波來鐵已 分解成肥粒鐵和顆粒狀之雪明碳鐵(Fe3C),但受雪明碳鐵散佈強化結果機械強度下降不明 顯,新管更換6個月後利用大修期間至現場觀察發現,已更新之爐管表面有油渣附著而其他 舊管則無,綜合分析結果破管原因為燃燒器噴嘴角度不正確導致爐膛燃氣溫度分佈不均,以 及管內結垢太厚阻礙燃氣與流體熱交換所導致之長時間潛變破斷。 |
英文摘要 | A number of water wall tubes of 500MW Hsieh-Ho No.1 Gen. Oil fired boiler are failed. The failure area spreads from rows #37 to #57, and elevates from 44 feet to 56 feet, Most of the failure tubes exhibit small splits with a few display wide-open ductile burst, of which the largest cracks is about 9cm length 3cm width. The results from surface observation, microstructure analysis, mechanical test and scale analysis shows: The thickness change of fracture lip is not serious, micro cracks and creep voids can be found near fracture lip. The thickness of inside scale composed of copper and oxide at the corner of rifled is about 500μm. Some scales was spalled off at blister and the pearlite has been dissolved into ferrite and cementite which is completely spheroidized. Tube mechanical properties remain in good condition by dispersive carbides. The failure of waterwall-tubes are caused by deficient heat exchange due to thick scale on the tube inside surface and by non-uniform heat flux, evidenced by the oil sludge found on the tube outside surface. |
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