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題名 | 某醫學中心各加護中心院內感染金黃色葡萄球菌之調查=A Survey of Staphylococcus Aureus Nosocomial Infection among Various Intensive Care Units at a Medical Center |
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作者 | 張靜美; 林金絲; 陳依雯; 嚴小燕; 張峰義; | 書刊名 | 院內感染控制雜誌 |
卷期 | 9:5 1999.10[民88.10] |
頁次 | 頁245-254 |
分類號 | 419.38 |
關鍵詞 | 加護中心; 院內感染; 金黃色葡萄球菌; Intensive care unit; Nosocomial infection; Staphylococcus aureus; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)仍然是社區及院內感染重要的病原菌之一。尤其是院內感染,近年來更以相當幅度日益增加。為瞭解本院任院病人金黃色葡萄球菌之感染情形及流行趨勢,本研究針對全院各加護中心(包括燒傷中心、小兒加護中心、心臟加護中心、外科加護中心、內科加護中心及神經加護中心)自1995年至1998年金黃色葡萄球菌院內感染資料加以統計分析。調查結果顯示過去四年所有加護中心之平均院內感染發生密度為20.4﹪,其中以外科加護中心為最高(33.1﹪)。全院加護中心金黃色葡萄球菌佔所有致病菌之比例逐年增加,最高可達20.5﹪,又以小兒加護中心比例為最高29.4﹪。感染部位則以皮膚感染居多(33.8﹪)。經卡方檢定測試結果顯示加護中心院內感染金黃色葡萄球菌的情形比非加護中心嚴重(P<0.01)。在所有金黃色葡萄球菌感染當中,MRSA之比例平均高達91.3﹪,其中內科加護中心比例更高達96.8﹪。另外,MRSA造成的感染部位以其他部位感染居多,大部份均肇因於導管所引起。有鑑於加護中心之MRSA感染日益嚴重且為多重抗藥性,因此必須重新審視現有感染管制措施,以及加強對抗生素的使用管制,以期將MRSA之威脅減至最低。 |
英文摘要 | Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen in both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. We retrospectively analyzed data of S. aureus infections of all hospitalized patients at our medical center, especially for 6 intensive care units (ICUs): medical, surgical, cardiac, pediatric, neurological, and bum center, from 1995 till 1998. The average nosocomial infection rate was 16.7% with incidence density of 20.4﹪(the number of infections/total hospital days x 1,000%). The incidence density varied from 9.4% at pediatric ICU to 33.1% at surgical ICU. The proportion of S. aureus to all nosocomial pathogens was at a high of 20.5% in 1997 and at a low of 14.7% in 1998. Skin was the most common site (33.8%), and urinary tract was the least common (4.3%). There was a slightly increased S. aureus infection rate in the ICUs than that of the whole hospital (17.4% vs 16.4%). The difference between their incidence densities was statistically significant (P< 0.01). The proportion of the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to all S. aureus for whole hospital was 82.2%, whereas that of the MRSA to all S. aureus for ICUs was 91.3%, varying from 96.8% for the medical ICU and 77.8% for the cardiac ICU. A frequent location of MRSA infection was catheter sites. It is of critical importance that the nosocomial infection control measures be strictly adhered to especially in ICUs in order to minimize the threat of MRSA infection. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。