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題名 | 底床坡度對滯洪壩水理特性之影響=Effect of Bed Slope to Hydraulic Characteristic of Detention Dam |
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作者姓名(中文) | 黃宏斌; 林侑輝; | 書刊名 | 臺灣水利 |
卷期 | 47:3=187 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁次 | 頁34-42 |
分類號 | 443.92 |
關鍵詞 | 滯洪設施; 水理; 泥砂特性; 底床坡度; Detention structure; Characteristics of hydraulics and sediment; Bed slope; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 影響滯洪壩設計之因子很多,本研究乃針對坡度對其設計模式之影響,並以射流 理論為基礎,設計一座可替換排水孔徑及排列方式之圓形開口型滯洪壩模型,試驗項目依壩 開孔大小分三類,配合不同開孔數及孔口之排列,選擇四種試驗坡度 0 ∼ 4%,試驗流量範 圍為 0.4 × 10 �笐� cms ∼ 23.04 × 10 �笐� cms。 進行水槽試驗之結果,求得在不同 底床坡度下,不同排水孔徑、孔數及排列方式之流量變化,以及流量之修正係數,進一步探 討底床坡度對滯洪壩水理特性之影響。 經 60 組試驗和分析 480 筆試驗數據,得到主要結果如下:在底床坡度( 0 ∼ 4% )之情 況下,單孔之流量係數會隨相對水頭(有效水頭高與孔徑大小之比值)增加而遞增,且隨底 床坡度增加而有較大流量係數,並得一系列之迴歸式;在孔口排列呈水平或上下間隔排列時 ,修正係數於相對水頭大於 3.6 後,其值將趨於穩定。 |
英文摘要 | There are many factors in designing detention dam. This study is concerned with the effect of slope on design models. Based on jet-flow theory, the study presents a detention dam model where the diameters of the circular apertures and their arrangement are interchangeable. The tests were divided into three types according to circular orifice sizes and arrangements. Four slopes from 0 to 4% were used. Flow discharges ranged from 0.4 × 10 �笐� to 23.04 × 10 �笐� cms. By varying the bed slopes, diameters, number of orifices and correcting of discharge coefficient, the effect of bed slope to hydraulic characteristic of detention dam were further explored. After 60 sets of tests and analyzing 480 experimental data items, the principle results were got as following: With bed slopes from 0 to 4%, the discharge coefficient increases with an increase in the number of relative heads (the ratio of water depth to orifice diameter) as well as an increase in the bed slope. From this, a series of regression curves were derived. When the orifices were arranged horizontally, or when placed in a triangular arrangement, the modified coefficient tended towards a constant value if the relative head was more than 3.6. |
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