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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 以農產廢棄物清除水中鎘、鎳、鉛及鋅的研究=Removal of Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn from Solution by Agricultural Waste |
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作者 | 梁致遠; 林鴻淇; Liang, Ji-yuan; Lin, Hong-chi; |
期刊 | 中國農業化學會誌 |
出版日期 | 19990900 |
卷期 | 37:3 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁次 | 頁412-419 |
分類號 | 445.463 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 花生殼; 茶渣; 玉米穗軸; 福馬林; 重金屬; Peanut hull; Tea waste; Corncob; Formaldehyde; Heavy metal; |
中文摘要 | 以富含單寧的花生殼、茶渣及具高量半纖維的玉米穗軸等農產廢棄物做為吸附重金屬材料,在稀硫酸中使用福馬林處理,經處理後的花生殼、茶渣,網狀結構明顯,網孔多且大。網孔是鎘、鎳、鉛及鋅離子的良好吸附區域,網孔愈多則吸附重金屬的位置愈多。花生殼及茶渣,經酚醛縮合後其低分子量的單寧變為非水溶性的高分子聚合物,具有較高的重金屬吸附能力。而玉米穗軸經酚及醛處理後,內部官能基暴露的機會很多,但不若縮合單寧對重金屬的吸附能力。根據Langmuir等溫吸附曲線計算重金屬的最大吸附量,經修飾後的花生殼對鎘、鉛、鎳及鋅的吸附量最大,茶渣其次,玉米穗軸最低。加入8-□□酚及1,10-二氮菲對修飾後的花生殼、茶渣及玉米穗軸之鉛及鎳的去除率並無影響。加入EDTA對修飾後的花生殼及茶渣的重金屬去除率影響較小;其對鉛、鎘、鎳及鋅去除率仍達50%以上,但對修飾後的玉米穗軸影響則極大;對鉛、鎳及鋅幾乎無法去除。 |
英文摘要 | Agricultural waste materials, i.e., corncob, peanut hull and tea waste, are suitable for use as heavy metal sorbents. Peanut hull and tea waste contain tannin, and corncob is high in hemicellulose. Corncob, peanut hull and tea waste were treated with formaldehyde in a dilute sulfuric acid. The porous structures of aldehydetreated peanut hull and tea waste became large and numerous, and the pores could serve as good sorbent sites for Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn ions. Thus, with the increase in the number of porous structures in aldehyde-treated peanut hull and tea waste, the number of active sites for heavy metal adsorption increased. After peanut hull and tea waste were treated with hot, acidified, aqueous formaldehyde, the low modecular weight tannins condensed, and thus, the adsorption ability of the heavy metals was increased. The heavy metal adsorption abilities of the aldehyde-treated ccorncob, peanut hull and tea waste were different, owing to their differing degree of oxidation of polyphenol during the manufacturing processes. The maximum ability to adsorb Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn was in the order; aldehyde-treated peanut hull > aldehyde-treated tea waste > aldehyde-treated corncob. Adsorption by the studied materials of Ni and Pb did not change following addition of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 1, 10-phenanthroline. However, adsorption of Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn was reduced following addition of EDTA. In this case, more than 50% of Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn ions in aqua solution were removed by the aldehyde-treated peanut hull and tea waste while almost no Ni, Pb and Zn ions in aqua solution were adsorbed by aldehyde-treated corncob. |
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