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題名 | 原水中有機物之性質及前加氯對混凝去除有機物之影響=The Characteristic of Natural Organic Matter and Its Removal by Conventional Water Treatment Porcesses with Prechlorination |
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作者 | 賴文亮; 邱俊彥; | 書刊名 | 大仁學報 |
卷期 | 17 1999.05[民88.05] |
頁次 | 頁73-85 |
分類號 | 445.25 |
關鍵詞 | 原水; 有機物; 前加氯; 去除有機物; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究選擇南部地區原水受嚴重污染之數個淨水廠,採集各淨水廠之原水、清水及主要處理單元之出水,分析其溶解性有機碳(NPDOC)、紫外光吸光值(UV )、化學需氧量(COD)值、三鹵甲烷(THM)及鹵化醋酸(HAA)等水質參數。原水、清水中所含之溶解性有機碳則利用XAD-8樹脂,加以吸附濃縮,並區分為疏水性(Hydrophobic)及親水性(Hydrophilic)兩大類,期能瞭解原水之有機物性質及其與處理效率間之相關性。由實驗數據顯示,五座水廠原水之有機物中親水性之有機物含量約七成,而疏水性有機物僅約三成左右;另「比VU吸光值」(SUVA值,UV (m�笐�)/TOC(mg/L)),大都小於2,低於文獻上所報導自然水體SUVA值之2.6,且一般而言,人為污染物之SUVA值較低,故推測取水口在河川下游之淨水廠,其原水有受人為污染之疑。至於原水之TOC及COD,均仍在87年2月環保署所規定原水水質標準限值之下。同時發現原水之NPDOC值與VU有良好之相關,換言之,若對芋一水源如作較長期之監測,或許可從較易測定之UV值,推測NPDOC。由原水、清水之水質分析,顯示COD有50%左右之去除率,而NODIC去除率甚低,故知傳統淨水程序對有機物之去除,大多以粒狀及膠體狀者為主,對於溶解性有機物之去除偏低,其原因除前述原水中所存在之溶解性有機物以親水性佔多數,不利於混凝去除外,另前加氯使部份疏水性有機物轉變為親水性者,及目前水廠混凝劑加量之決定,仍以濁度去除為主,均是可能之原因。清水之消毒副產物濃度大多仍符合現階段之飲用水水質標準,但依目前清水消毒副產物之濃度及先進國家立法趨勢來看,仍有必要未雨綢繆,就如何降低消毒副產物之生成,預做研究以因應未來更嚴格之水質標準。 |
英文摘要 | In this study several water treatment plants in southern Taiwan were selected. The water purification processes emoloyed by these plants were mainly conventional ones, i.e. prechlorination, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The raw water, finished water, and water from major treatment units were collected. The water quality parameters including NPDOC, UV COD, THM, and HAA5 were analyzed. The dissolved organic contents in the raw water were further concentrated by XAD-8 resin and fractionated into hydrophobic aand hydrophilic fractions. The objective of this study is to look into the relationships between characteristic operational parameters of source water and removal efficiency of dissolved organics. The results show that: although the NPDOC and COD values of all raw waters could meet water quality standards for drinking water in Taiwan nowadays, some parameters, e.g. high percentage of NPDOC contributed by hydrophilic fraction. and low SUVA (specific uv absorbance) value probably indicated the existence of anthropogenic pollutants. Nevertheless, a good correlation between DOC and UV was found. Comparing the quality of raw and finished water, it is found that COD removal could reach about 50%, however, NPDOC removal was minor. This indicated that organic removal by conventioal treatment processes was mainly due to the removal of particulate and colloid type organics, while the removal of dissolved organics was limited. This may be explained by high percentage of hydrophilic organics in the NPDOC of source waters, the practice of prechlorination, and the face that current coagulation process of these plants still emphasized only turbidity removal. As far as disinfection by-broducts (DBPs)is concerned, it was found that TTHM content in the drinking water could meet the water quality standards in Taiwan. Because DBP concentration limitation of requlation will legislate critically in the future, The study on lowering the formation of DBPs is more significant. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。