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題 名 | 兩岸直航航線選擇使用者均衡模式之研究=The User Equilibrium Model for the Cross-strait Direct Flight Routing Problem |
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作 者 | 林正章; 劉志遠; | 書刊名 | 民航季刊 |
卷 期 | 1:2 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁 次 | 頁197-218 |
分類號 | 557.11 |
關鍵詞 | 兩岸直航航線選擇; 使用者均衡模式; Fank-Wolfe演算法; Cross-strait direct flight routing problem; User equilibrium model; Frank-wolfe algorithm; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 兩岸直航航線選擇問題探討兩岸航空旅客直航航線的選擇,而理性消費者按市場 票價以成本最小來選擇其直航航線。以往對兩岸直航航線選擇問題之研究對於航線成本(即 航線票價)均假設其價格彈性為零,亦即假設票價不隨消費者運量之改變而有所變動。然而 此假設無法反映目前國內或國際航線市場均衡票價會隨著需求運量改變而有所變動。因此, 本研究在市場均衡價格與均衡數量成一正斜率之市場均衡價格軌跡曲線的前提下,探討其對 於兩岸直航航線選擇之影響,稱之為兩岸直航航線選擇使用者均衡模式。本研究按使用者直 航航線均衡條件構建一對等之數學模式,亦即對等數學模式的極值解等於使用者直航航線均 衡條件。 由於此對等數學模式為一凸函數數學規劃模式,故本研究以 Frank-Wolfe 演算法 進行求解直航航線選擇使用者均衡模式。最後,本研究以臺灣之國際航線與大陸內陸航線的 票價進行實證研究,測試不同之市場均衡價格軌跡曲線型態對於直航航線選擇、直航航點轉 機量與增加直航航點邊際收益之影響。 |
英文摘要 | The cross-strait direct flight routing problem studies how airline passengers select their routes. A rational passengers will always select the least expensive route for their journey. However, most studies in this subject assume that the equilibrium demand on each route has no direct impacts on the equilibrium price of the route. In order words, the price elasticity of demand is zero. This assumption does not reflect the actual practice of the airline industry. The equilibrium price fluctuates between peak and non-peak seasons. Thus in this research we assume the equilibrium price has a monotonic increasing (convex) function of equilibrium demand. Under the similar behavior assumption that all passengers are rational, we demonstrate that it is completely equivalent to a convex mathematical programming problem. This allows us to apply the Frank-Wolfe algorithm for the problem. In the end, we use the cross-strait air demand and pricing data to conduct numerical testing. In addition, we also perform several sensitivity analyses, with include the impact of the elasticity of equilibrium price on passengers' route choices, on the number of transit passengers at each air hub and on the marginal profit of each additional direct air hub. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。