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題 名 | "睡覺"音義源流研究=A Historical Study on the Collocation "睡覺" and Its Morphemes "睡" and "覺" |
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作 者 | 孫玉文; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學文史哲學報 |
卷 期 | 50 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁 次 | 頁111-113+115-137 |
分類號 | 802.4 |
關鍵詞 | 變調構詞; 讀音; 詞義; 演變; Derivation by tone-change; Pro-nunciation; Meaning; Drift; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | "睡覺"這一慣用結構的歷史研究,引起了許多學者的興趣。本文旨在前賢 今人成果的基礎上作進一步深入的探討。分:一、導言;二、論"睡"的音義源 流;三、論"覺"的音義源流;四、論中古慣用語"睡覺"中"覺"的讀音; 五、"醒"的詞義範圍擴大及其對"睡覺"的"覺"的影響;六、現代漢語"睡 覺"的來源。在"二"中論證,"睡"在上古是打瞌睡的意思,來自於下垂的 "垂";到了六朝時期,"睡"詞義範圍擴大,由打瞌睡義發展出睡覺的意義。 在"三"中論證,"覺"指睡醒一義,是由覺悟、省悟一義滋生出來的,聲調也 發生變化,這種變調構詞現象,出現在上古。在"四"中,論證用在慣用語"睡 覺"(義為睡醒)裡的"覺"字,是讀去聲,不是讀入聲(>現代漢語的陽平)。 在"五"中,論證"醒"從唐代開始由"酒醒"發展出"睡醒"的意思,使用頻 率逐步加大,到元明之際,逐步在共同語中取代了"覺"。在"六"中,論證現 代漢語的慣用語"睡覺"(義為進入睡眠狀態)跟中古漢語慣用語"睡覺"(義 為睡醒)沒有直接的關係,先是"覺"發展出名詞用法,義為睡眠,跟"睡"搭 配使用;到了北宋,"睡"和"覺"直接構成動賓結構,指進入睡眠狀態,沿用 至今。 |
英文摘要 | Some scholars have studied the collocation "睡覺" and its morphemes "睡" and "覺" with great interest so far. The present author will assimilate the achievements of our predecessors in scientific research and take further steps to study the question. The paper is divided into six parts: 1.The introduction; 2.A pronunciation and meaning historical study on the morpheme "睡" ; 3.A pronunciation and meaning historical study on the morpheme "覺"; 4.A study on the pronunciation "覺" in "睡覺" in the Middle ancient times; 5.The new superseding the old; "醒" superseding "覺" ; 6.The origin of "睡覺" in Contemporary Chinese. Part Two deals with: "睡"'s meaning ("to have a nap") in ancient time; its origination ("垂, to hang down" : "睡, to have a hap"); its widening of meaning ("to have a nap"→"to sleep")in Northern and Southern Dynasties. Part Three deals with: "覺"'s base word ("覺", to be conscious of , to awaken") and derived word ("覺", to awake, to wake up") in Ancient Chinese. Part Four deals with: "覺"'s pronunciation (the tone is departing, not entering) in the collocation "睡覺" ("to awake, to wake up") in middle Chinese. Part Five deals with the "醒" superseding the "覺", in Tang Dynasty, the widened meaning of "醒" is to regain consciousness (including "to wake up") and the original meaning is "to dispel the effects of alcohol". About between Yuan and Ming Dynasty, in common language, "醒" has replaced "覺" basically. The Sixth part prove:the collocation "睡覺"("to sleep") in Contemporary Chinese has had no relations with the collocation "睡覺" ("to awake") in Middle Chinese. In Tang Dynasty, besides the meaning "to awake", "覺" has had another meaning "sleep". the verb "睡" and the noun "覺" has gone together. In which, the important pattern is "睡+numeral+覺". In Nothern Song Dynasty, the collocation "睡 覺" ("to sleep") has formed. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。