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題 名 | 不同氮肥型態對臺灣南部冬菊生育及土壤化學性質的影響=Effects of Nitrogen forms on the Growth of Chrysanthemum and Soil Chemical Properties, Grown in Winter Southern Taiwan |
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作 者 | 黃裕銘; 鄭慶生; 吳育郎; | 書刊名 | 土壤與環境 |
卷 期 | 2:2 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁 次 | 頁187-198 |
分類號 | 435.435 |
關鍵詞 | 菊花; 氮肥型態效應; 土壤效應; Chrysanthemum; Nitrogen forms; Soil effects; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗目的在探討臺灣南部種植冬菊之氮肥管理對菊花生育及土壤化學性質之影響。黃秀芳切花品種用美濃(微酸性)及南汾(鹼性)兩地農田表土,試驗段有9種氮肥處理,化學氮肥用量三個變級0、1、及2 g/plant,每變級硝酸態氮比率四變級為0、40、60及100%,餘者以尿素做為銨態氮源。有機肥12.5 g/plant、過磷酸鈣11g-P�烙��/plant、及氯化鉀1.5 g-P�烙/plant。每處理四重複,盆栽以逢機完全區集方式置於室外。 結果顯示未施化學氮肥之處理,菊花株高、葉片數極顯著低於施加化學氮肥者,花苞形成及著色時間延遲2至7天,但是花直徑比施2克化學氮肥者大。有機肥料肥效在美濃土壤之表現優於南汾土壤。南汾土壤菊花比美濃土壤早形成花苞及開始著色。 由菊花園藝性狀表現,綜合而言,以每苗加施1克化學氮肥且含40%∼60%硝酸態氮之處理,株高較高、始花日數及始著色日數較早、切花瓶插較好,但是統計上未達顯著水準,然而花朵直徑極顯著較大。銨態氮及硝酸態氮對土壤的酸化或鹼化作用在微酸性美濃土壤成極顯著直線相關,對南汾土壤無效應。植株鉀吸收量和土壤交換性鉀含量極顯著之負指數相關,推之南部菊花亦需注意鉀肥之施用。 |
英文摘要 | Chrysanthemum has been cultivating for interior and export market during winter season in the southern part of Taiwan. The aim of this study was using pot experiment to investigate the effect of nitrogen forms on the quality of chrysanthemum. Nine nitrogen treatments were carried out in this study. Three chemical nitrogen levels, 0,1, and 2 g/plant, each has four nitrate levels, 0, 40, 60, and 100% were used. Organic fertilizer (12.5 g/plant), super phosphate (1 g-P�烙��/plant), and potassium chloride (1.5 g-K�烙/ plant) were used. Four replications were conducted and pots were located outdoor in a ranomized complete block design. Comparing the flower qualities of no chemical nitrogen applied treatment to those of chemical nitrogen applied treatments, the plant height and leaf numbers were statistically highly significant lower; the time to reach bud formation and color initiation were 2 to 7 days later. However, the flower diameter was larger than those of 2 g/plant chemical nitrogen treatment even reached significant level. The performance for raising chrysanthemum in Meinung soil was better than in Nanfun soil. Among chemical nitrogen fertilizer applied treatments the performance in horticultural characters the best treatments are 1 g/plant chemical nitrogen with 40 to 60% of nitrate, especially the flower diameters were statistically significant larger than those of using 2 g/plant chemical nitrogen. The acidification and alkalization effect with the application of ammoniac-N and nitrate-N on soil pH was linearly related at highly significant level for Meinung soil, but was not for Nanfun soil. The highly significant negative exponential relationship between amounts of potassium uptake by shoot with soil exchangeable potassium content indicated that potassium fertilizer should be increased for chrysanthemum cultivation in southern Taiwan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。