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題名 | 糖尿病與腦中風=Diabeted Mellitus and Stroke |
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作者 | 曾慶孝; | 書刊名 | 內科學誌 |
卷期 | 10:2 1999.04[民88.04] |
頁次 | 頁42-48 |
分類號 | 415.922 |
關鍵詞 | 腦中風; 糖尿病; 危險因子; 預後; Stroke; Diabetes mellitus; Risk factor; Prognosis; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 腦中風及糖尿病分別位居臺灣地區的第二及第五大死因。糖尿病與腦中風的關係 相當密切。腦中風是糖尿病的主要死因,約佔10%-15%,而糖尿病則是腦中風的主要危險因 子,其相對危險性約為無糖尿病者的2-4倍。糖尿病的腦中風以腦梗塞為最常見。年齡、高 血壓、血糖控制不良、血脂質異常、高尿酸血症、吸菸、曾發生短暫性腦缺血 (transientis-chemic attack, TIA)或腦中風、及糖尿病罹病期等為糖尿病病人發生腦中風 的主要危險因子。一九九八年有一篇研究報告發現糖尿病病人的血清黏附分子(adhesion molecule)濃度與無症狀性腦梗塞(silent cerebral infarction)有關。糖尿病病人發生腦 中風後,其預後比無糖尿病者差。近年在許多國家的研究顯示腦中風的死亡有逐漸下降的趨 勢。有證據顯示透過主要危險因子的積極介入(如戒菸及控制血壓等),可以使腦中風的發生 降低,因此糖尿病病人的中風預防是可以期待的。 |
英文摘要 | Stroke and diabetes mellitus are the second and fifth leading cause of death in Taiwan, respectively. These two diseases are closely related. Stroke is one of the major causes of death in diabetic patients. It represents about 10% to 15% of the total death in diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor of stroke. The relative risk of stroke in diabetic patients is about 2-4 times higher than nondiabetic subjects. The most common pattern of stroke in diabetic patients is cerebral infarction. The major risk factors of stroke in diabetic patients are age, hypertension, poor glycemic control, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, smoking, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, and diabetic duration. In 1998, one paper reported that adhesion molecules were closely related to silent cerebral infarction in diabetic patients. The prognosis of stroke after its onset is poor in the diabetic patients. Recent studies have noticed that mortality from stroke is decreasing in recent years. Evidence shows that active intervention of the risk factors (such as cessation of smoking and control of hypertension) is effective in reducing the incidence of stroke. Thus, the reduction of diabetes-related stroke can be anticipated. |
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