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題名 | 農業用水移用之經濟效益分析與補償標準研議=Establish the Regulation and Compensation System on Transferring Agricultural Use Water for Alternative Uses |
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作者 | 闕雅文; | 書刊名 | 經社法制論叢 |
卷期 | 22 1998.07[民87.07] |
頁次 | 頁331-360 |
分類號 | 554.57 |
關鍵詞 | 水資源; 農業用水移用補償制度; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 近年來臺灣經濟高度繁榮,農漁工商各業設施完善,用水量逐年增加,無論農業 灌溉、工業製造、清潔衛生、飲食等,無一不需要用水,各標的用水需求亦逐年成長。然臺 灣地區供水增加之來源,主要為開發新水源及抽取地下水。但抽用地下水,需付出地層下陷 、地下水鹽化等無以數計之社會成本;開發新水源則涉及地文、地形、環境生態及社會文化 等多種因素,具極高之不確定性,故臺灣地區水資源供給成長不易。水資源已成為臺灣益形 珍貴之自然資源,不能不探討水資源的經濟利用及制度課題。 本研究使用投入產出分析法,分析水資源由農業部門移用予非農業部門之經濟效益,包括產 出效果、所得效果、就業效果、所得效果、經營餘額效果及間接稅效果;並依模擬方案之實 證結果作為設立補償標準之計算基礎,同時參酌各國移用水權案例及我國水利相關法令與規 章,建構農業用水移用補償方式與原則。 |
英文摘要 | Taiwan's water resources are used mainly for agricultural use to improve crop yields. As a result, agricultural water right accounted for over 70% of total available water, in the past. However, due to continuing economic development, the structure of water use has changed year by year; the amount of water used by industrial and domestic use has grown significantly. That means a fierce competition over agricultural use water, previously the largest single category is under going, in order to transfer Agricultural use water right to alternative uses. Recently, most of the Agricultural use water are allocated by each local Irrigation Associations in Taiwan. The Irrigation Associations are public corporate bodies organized for the benefit of farmers; if Agricultural use water right is transferred for other uses, farmers are bound to suffer as a result. From the point of view of social equity, where agricultural water right are transferred to other uses farmers should be compensated for the reduced availability of water. By using the Input-Output Analysis method this paper tried to study the economic benefit of water transfer from the agricultural sector to non-agricultural sectors. The following impacts including output, income, employment, operating surpluses and indirect taxation effect are taken into consideration. The simulations on experiments from different scenarios are used to create a basis for calculation of compensation rates. Foreign experiences in transfer of water rights and the possibilities to restructure domestic water laws have also been studied, in order to develop principles for compensation. The compensation for water transfer devised by the Institute is based on a framework covering both "sales" and "leases" of water. On the basis of equity and efficiency, the amount that the agricultural sector should receive in subsidies and compensation from the government and the water-transferred industries concerned has been calculated and discussed, for references in future transfers and policy formulation by the authorities. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。