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題 名 | 閩南語的是非問句與正反問句=Yes-No and V-Not-V Questions in Southern Min |
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作 者 | 湯廷池; | 書刊名 | 漢學研究 |
卷 期 | 16:2=32 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁173-195 |
專 輯 | 臺灣研究專輯 |
分類號 | 802.5232 |
關鍵詞 | 閩南語; 是非問句; 正反問句; 選擇問句; 敢問句; Southern min; Yes-no question; V-not-V question; Alternative questions; Kam-questions; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 有關閩南語是非問句與正反問句的前人研究並不多。例如,楊秀芳雖在臺灣閩南 語的語句類型底下提出是非問句、正反問句與特指問句的例句,但並未就這些例句討論其類 型、結構與功能。又如,林雙福是最早討論閩南語正反問句的文獻,但是他所謂的正反問句 ,其實是含有連詞 ' 抑是 ' 的選擇問句。另外,黃正德在有關漢語正反問句的討論中,曾 經提到閩南語裡出現「 A ( B )唔 AB 型」與「 AB 唔 A ( B )型」兩類正反問句,而 且還主張「 ' 敢 ' 問句」也是一種正反問句。但是實情是否真正如此?閩南語的是非問句 與正反問句如何畫分?其句法結構與語用功能有何差別?「 ' 敢 ' 問句」究竟是屬於是非 問句,還是屬於正反問句?本文以六節篇幅:一、漢語的疑問句;二、是非問句與正反問句 ;三、閩南語的是非問句;四、閩南語的正反問句;五、閩南語的 ' 敢 ' 問句;六、結語 ,分別回答以上的問題。 本文的結論是:(一)閩南語的是非問句以 ' 是無 ' 或 ' 唔 ' 為疑問語助詞,其句法結 構與語用功能類似北京語以 ' 嗎 ' 或 ' 吧 ' 為疑問語助詞的是非問句;(二)閩南語裡 無標的正反問句是「 VB {無╱}」, 因為無論是「 V {唔╱無} VP 」(即「 A 唔 AB 」)型或是「 VP {唔╱無} V 」(即「 AB 唔 A 」)型都比「 VP {無╱」型的使用頻 率為低;(三)閩南語的「 ' 敢 ' 問句」在語法與語用功能上屬於正反問句,正如北京語 的「 ' 難道 ' 問句」在語法與語用功能上屬於正反問句。 |
英文摘要 | Relatively little study has been done in the previous literature concerning yes-no and V-not-V questions in Southern Min. Yang (1991), for example, lists yes-no questions, V-not-V questions and wh-questions under the heading of sentence types in Southern Min without discussing their structures and functions. Lin (1974,1975), though the first to discuss V-not-V questions in Southern Min, confuses V-not-V questions with alternative question. Furthermore, Huang (1988,1991) mentions in his discussion of V-not-V questions in Mandarin Chinese that there are two types of V-not-V questions (namely, the "A(B) not AB" type and "AB not A(B)" type) in Southern Min and that what he calls kam-questions constitutes a third type. The present paper deals with how to distinguish between Southern Min yes-no questions and V-not-V questions in terms of their pragmatic function as well as syntactic structure. The paper consists of six sections: Ⅰ. various questions in Mandarin Chinese, Ⅱ. yes-no versus V-not-V questions, Ⅲ. yes-no questions in Southern Min, Ⅳ. V-not-V questions in Southern Min, Ⅴ. kam-questions in Southern Min, and Ⅵ. conclusions. Our conclusions are: (1) yes-no questions in Southern Min end with the interrogative particles 是無 or while the corresponding yes-no questions in Mandarin Chinese end with the interrogative paricles 嗎 or 吧; (2) unmarked V-not-V questions in Southern Min are the "VB{無/ }" type, since both "V{唔/無} VP" (i.e. "A not AB") type and "VP{唔/無} V" (i.e. "AB not A") type occur much lee frequently than the "VP{無/ }" type; and (3) pragmatically as well as syntactically, kam-questions in Southern Min belong to V-not-V questions just as nandao-questions in Mandarin Chinese belong to V-not-V questions. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。