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題名 | The Reader's Role in Joyce's Dubliners and Epiphanies=讀者在喬伊斯的「都柏林人」顯現法的角色 |
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作者 | 陳秀潔; | 書刊名 | 淡江人文社會學刊 |
卷期 | 1 1998.05[民87.05] |
頁次 | 頁83-94 |
分類號 | 848.3 |
關鍵詞 | 自動化; 伊瑟; 藝術與美感顯現; 多義性與不決定性; 陌生化; 讀者角色; 突顯; 俄國形式主義; 空白和抗阻; Automatization; Iser; Artistic and esthetic epiphanies; Multiplicity and indeterminacy; Defamiliarization; Reader's role; Foregrounding; Russian formalism; Gaps and impedances; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 喬伊斯的學者們通常認為喬伊斯的顯現法後來發展成小說的一種技巧。這使得他 突顯客觀的寫作技巧,強調讀者在整個閱讀時意義創作過程中所扮演的角色。換句話說,喬 伊斯刻意地使用顯現法之技巧,使作者、文本、讀者三者在頓悟顯現的過程中發生密切的關 聯。由表層和深層結構的混合而造成的多義性和不決定性形成顯現法的基本結構。 作者原始的頓悟顯現常戲劇化地呈現給故事中作為觀看者的人物。寫成作品後之頓悟顯 現便呈現在讀者眼前,再由讀者依其歷史、文化、種族環境而建立的知識背景,讀者予以反 應。平凡瑣碎的事物在這過程中變成重大的精神上意義的顯現,使讀者領會故事中角色的心 靈世界,因此顯現法可說結合了瑣碎庸俗的自然與整體高超的超自然世界。 我們可用《都柏林人》�堛漪G事來說明讀者在顯現法的過程中經常扮演的角色。Wolfgang Iser的讀者與文本的互動理論以及俄國形式主義者的自動化和陌生化觀念都可用來佐證我們 為何強調讀者在創造意義和頓悟顯現過程之重要性。因為閱讀這種文本,基本上是達成領悟 而非單純解讀的過程,讀者應能與文本不斷地回應溝通,並驅使想像力,掌握細節直到美感 領悟的達成。 |
英文摘要 | Joyce scholars now generally agree that Joyce conceived the theory of epiphany and later amplified, rather than rejecting, it as a fictional method. This leads to his foregrounding the objective mode of presentation, consequently emphasizing the reader's role in the integrated process of the creation of meaning. In other words, and earmark of Joyce's epiphany is that it is consciously employed as fictional method to involve author, text, and reader in achieving a sudden transecendental understanding. The multiplicity and indeterminacy that derive from the commingling of surface and deep structure form the basic construct of an epiphany. The original epiphany of the author is usually dramatically presented to the characters as viewers in the story. The epiphany in written form then unfolds itself to the reader who responds to the given situatioin in accordance with his own schema of reading built up by his historic/cultural/ethnicperspective. Inert, trivial matters come alive to reveal momentous, spiritual meanings in major and minor epiphanies. The arresting images, speeches, gestures, or happenings in the work-a-day circumstances trigger the reader's memories and associations and give him glimpses into the spiritual world of the characters. Thus, the method joins the natural (trivial, insignificant, corrupted) with the superatural (momentous, spiritual, elevated). We may use some stories in Dubliners to demonstrate that the reader invariably participates in the process of achieving an epiphany. Wolfgang Iser's theory on the interaction between text and reader, and Russian formalist's ideas on automatization and defamiliarization serve to strengthen our conviction that we can never overemphasize the importance of the reader's role in "creating" the meaning of the text and achieving epiphany. Since reading such a text is essentially a process of understanding rather than mere deciphering, the reader is expected to engage himself in a constant interaction with the text by an imaginative grasp of the details until an esthetic understanding is achieved. |
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