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題名 | 國語聲母音長之聲學基礎研究與臨床意義=Duration of Initials in Mandarin: Fundamental Acoustic Research and its Clinical Significance |
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作 者 | 陳達德; 蔡素娟; 洪振耀; | 書刊名 | 聽語會刊 |
卷期 | 13 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁138-149 |
分類號 | 801.3 |
關鍵詞 | 聲韻學; 聲譜圖; 實驗語音學; 聲母音長; 音段; 臨床語音學; 嗓音起始時間; 神經語音學; 聲學參數; Chinese phonology; Spectrogram; Experimental phonetics; Duration of initials; Segment; Clinical phonetics; VOT; Neurophonetics; Acoustic parameter; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 語言符號的運作牽涉人類高等的認知功能,而語音之規劃與執行也牽涉複雜精微 之生理機制。以往檢驗常人或病患在語音的規劃和協同構音的問題時,經常以嗓音起始時間 (VOT)為指標,然而嗓音起始時間的測量,僅限於塞音,未能遍及各類聲母,而常人以 及病患的語音問題卻可能對於不同類的聲母有不同的困難。本研究為國語語音之基礎研究, 旨在建立國語聲母音長之常模,以作為相關發音生理、語音感知、電子語音處理器、臨床早 期病徵篩檢和鑑別診斷之參考。實驗材料是由國語的二十一個聲母搭配四個聲調所組成的八 十四個雙字詞,每個雙字詞嵌在乘載短語中分別由三十名常人念出,再由聲譜圖上切出重讀 的聲母部分而計算出國語聲母音長之常模。初步結果顯示:國語聲母的音長和語音的特性如 送氣與否、發音方式、發音部位、相鄰韻母等皆有密切相關,說明聲母時長的確可以反映語 音規劃和執行的複雜度或精微度。此外,性別、語言習得的純熟度、老化、神經病變的種類 和嚴重程度等等可能影響人類複雜而精微的語音規劃和執行機制的種種因素是否也能在聲母 音長中明確地反應出來,也是在本研究的基礎上可以更進一步探究的問題。 |
英文摘要 | The symbol operation of human language involves higher cognitive function and the speech programming and implementation also involve delicate neurophonetic mechanisms. Voice Onset Time was often used in the past to examine speech programming and coarticulation in normals and patients. But VOT is basically restricted to the stops and is not applicable for all kinds of consonants. But different consonants may cause difficulties for normals as well as for patients. This fundamental study in acoustic phonetics intends to set up a norm for the duration of initials in Mandiarin and offer further applications in speech physiology, speech perception, electronic speech processor especially designed for processing Mandarin speech sounds such as intelligent hearing aids for Mandarin, and early detection and differential diagnosis of various patients with neurophonetic disorders. In the present experiment, 84 bisyllabic words including 21 Mandarin initials combined with four lexical tones spoken in a carrier phrase were analyzed. There were totally 30 normal subjects of both sexes across an age span from juvenile to old people. Duration of initials was measured from digital spectrograms, and was found to vary widely with factors such as aspiration, manner and place of articulation and adjacent vowels. This could show the general significance of consonant durations in reflecting the complexity and precision of neurophonetic programming and implementation in the nervous system and the human speech physiology. The correlation of sex, language proficiency, aging, and neurological pathology induced by lesion, degenerative disease and so on to the complexity and precision of phonetic programming and implementation as reflected generally in the duration of initials could be further explored and contemplated for its clinical significance on the basis of this fundamental research. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。