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題名 | 停車區位選擇與停車延時之混合需求模式之研究=A Mixed Choice Model of Parking Location and Parking Duration |
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作者 | 姜渝生; 王福裕; Chiang, Yu-sheng; Wang, Fu-yu; |
期刊 | 國家科學委員會研究彙刊. 人文及社會科學 |
出版日期 | 19980100 |
卷期 | 8:1 1998.01[民87.01] |
頁次 | 頁68-83 |
分類號 | 557.86 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 停車區位; 停車延時; 間斷性; 連續性; 巢式羅吉特模式; Parking location; Parking duration; Dicrete; Continuous; Nested logit model; |
中文摘要 | 就個體經濟學觀點,消費者在不同的停車區位中作選擇,並決定停車位 的消費數量(即停車延時),以追求個人效用之最大化。其中包含了間斷性選擇(停 車區位選擇)與連續性選擇(停車延時需求),此二抉擇之決策係同時發生,且受到 許多共同變數的影響。因此在分析上述問題時,如果視停車延時為停車區位選擇 的外生變數,將使得模式校估所得的參數值產生偏誤。故本文企圖以混合間斷性 ╱連續性選擇之模式,來描述停車區位選擇與停車延時需求聯合選擇的決策行為。 本文建立一停車需求之間接效用函數,並由同一間接效用函數推導停車區位 選擇模式及停車延時需求模式。實證分析係使用高雄市中心商業區的停車行為調 查資料。實證分析結果顯示,影響停車區位選擇的重要變數為停車費率、步行時 間、教育程度、車位佔用率、以及方案大小變數等;而影響停車延時需求的變數 有選擇修正項、停車費率、所得、以及旅行時間等,其中選擇修正項的參數值顯 著異於零,顯示停車延時需求模式中確實存在著選擇性偏誤。研究結果顯示停車 區位選擇摸式與停車延時需求模式中有共同的影響變數,驗證本文「停車區位選 擇與停車延時需求存在著相互影響關係」的假設,停車延時不應視為停車區位選 擇的外生變數。 |
英文摘要 | From micro economics point of view,an individual consumer chooses a parking location and decides the quantity of consumption (parking duration)to maximizehis personal utility.The discrete choice of parking location and the continuous choice of parking duration take place at the same time and are influenced by many common variables. Therefore, treating parking duration as an exogenous variable in parking location choice model would result in inconsistent estimates. This study tries to develop a mixed discrete continuous choice model to describe the consumer behavior of the joint choice of parking location and parking duration. we established an indirect utility function for parking demand, and derived parking location choice model and parking duration demand model from the same utility function. The empirical analysis was done using the survey data from Kaohsiung central business district area. Estimation results indicated that significant variables influencing the choice of parking locations include parking fare, walking time, education level, occupation rate of parking lots, as well as size variables, and the major variables affecting parking duration are parking fare, income, travel time, as well as the selectivity correction term. The parameter of selectivity correction term is estimated to be significantly different from zero indicated that the selectivity bias does exist in the parking duration demand model. And, parking location choice model and parking duration demand model have many common explanatory variables (such as parking fare, income, travel time, etc.). This prove the hypothesis this study suggested that parking location choice and parking duration demand are related to each other. Therefore, parking duration should not be treated as an exogenous variable in parking location choice model. |
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