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題 名 | 臺灣即時地震資訊發布系統之評估=An Evaluation of the Taiwan Rapid Earthquake Information Release System |
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作 者 | 吳逸民; 陳承俊; 辛在勤; 蔡義本; | 書刊名 | 氣象學報 |
卷 期 | 42:1 1998.03[民87.03] |
頁 次 | 頁16-28 |
分類號 | 351.2492 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣即時地震資訊發布系統; 即時加速度型地震觀測網; 地震反應時間; 有效地震反應時間; Taiwan rapid earthquake inforation release system; Real-time acceleration seismic network; Earthquake response time and effective earthquake response time; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 中央氣象局在1996年3月5日開始測試臺灣即時地震資訊發布系統(TREIRS),以 完全自動化訊號處理可式求取地震相關參數,然後藉由電子郵件等傳播管道將地震訊息傳 送給使用者。根據一年來(1996.3.5~1997.3.24)的統計資料得知,在一般正常的情形下, 地震發生後60秒的時間內TREIRS即可計算出震源參數及各地震度,而此時間約略在第一個 測站收到初達波後的53秒。比較TREIRS自動發出與事後由人工決定訊號處理方式之震源參 數,發現震源位置在臺灣島內時其誤差卻小於10公里,而震、源位置的誤差與測站分佈空 餘夾角成指數關係,測站分布空餘夾角小於225度時誤差都在15公里以內;而規模之誤差 一般都小於0.2。綜合而言,目前定位誤差以臺灣東南外海地區為最大,但若能加入蘭嶼 及綠島等外島測站,必可改善該區域之自動定位品質及偵測能力。 本系統經一年來的測試,其消息發布方式已較舊有的系統有大幅進步;就時效性而言 ,亦較其它國家之地震網發布地震消息之內容更充實且快速。對於未來的發展,建議朝下 列兩方向努力:(1)由於地震發布的時效與電腦中央處理器之速度、測震網的站數多寡及 系統之設定參數等因素相關,所以利用區城小網之偵測作業並與全區網聯合作業必可更增 進時效;(2)地震消息自動發布巳漸達成熟之階段,未來如何述用此快速之地震資訊,事 先規劃完整的防救災相關佈署及作業,必能實質地降低地震所帶來的災害。 |
英文摘要 | Taiwan Rapid Earthquake Information Release System (TREIRS) has been in operation since March 3, 1996. A total of 54 events that have been automatically processed, 3 events were retriggered due to the effect of the coda signal of a big earthquake. This problem has been solved by adding a new detection algorithm. Based on 24 reports that recorded the broadcast time, we found that TREIRS was capable of sensing earthquake source parameteres and regional intensity one minute after original time, which corresponds to about 53 seconds after the first station has received P phase arrival. By comparing the source parameters of 51 automatic broadcast reports with manual reports, we found that the locating errors were smaller than 10 km from where the locating error and station gap could be fitted with an exponential curve. Generally speaking, the station gap smller than 225° the location error within 15 km. The TREIRS will be greatly improved on the offshore area and southeastern Taiwan when additional stations are available on Lanhsu and Lutao. We also found that the earthquake effective response time depended on the speed of computer's CPU, the number of stations, and system setup parameters. It also suggests that combination of narrow and wide region seismic networks reduce the earthquake response time and upgrade the TREIRS to an earthquake early warning system. We think the rapid earthquake information release system already has reached an acceptable level. The following important work is how to use this rapid information to reduce the earthquake damage. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。