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題 名 | 社會與文化再製理論之評析=A Critical Analysis of Theories of Social and Cultural Reproduction |
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作 者 | 譚光鼎; | 書刊名 | 教育研究集刊 |
卷 期 | 40 1998.01[民87.01] |
頁 次 | 頁23-50 |
分類號 | 541 |
關鍵詞 | 社會再製; 文化再製; 文化霸權; 社會階級; 文化資本; 符應理論; 知識社會學; 新馬克思主義; 批判理論; 結構主義; Social reproduction; Cultural reproduction; Cultural hegemony; Social class; Cultural capital; Correspondence theory; Sociology of knowledge; Neomarxism; Critical theory; Structuralism; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文之目的是在分析並評論社會與文化再製理論的主要論點。自一九七○年代以 來,新馬克思主義、批判理論、結構主義等學派,強烈地批判現代教有的功能。其中主要包 括社會再製、符應理論、文化再製、霸權再製等幾種理論。有些理論批判現代教育制度的問 題如下: l.統治階層的文化霸權操控學校課程與教學; 2.教育制度已失去相對自主性而成為宰制社會的工具; 3.教育制度未能實踐教教機會均等的理想,其原因乃是: 4.教育制度再製不平等的杜會階級。 然而,本文作者亦指出再製論的幾項缺點: 1.學校乃是充滿對立、矛盾與衝突的機構,而非再製社會階層之柔順工具; 2.再製論犯了決定論的錯誤,否定教育對於促進社會流動之正面的功能; 3.如果社會階級結構是經由順從而獲得再製,則社會變遷將不可能發生; 4.抗拒理論更適合於解釋低社經地位的階級再製。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this article is to analyze and criticize the main points on social and cultural reproduction theories. Since the 1970s, schools of Neo-Marxism, Critic theory and Structuralism, etc, have strongly criticized the function of modern education. These main theories include social reproduction, correspondence theory, cultural reproduction, and hegemonic reproduction. They argue as follows: 1.The cultural hegemony of the dominant class controls the curriculum and teaching in schools; 2.Educational system loses its autonomy respectively and hence becomes an instrument used for dominating the whole society; 3.Educational system does not fulfill the ideal of equal opportunity of education, the reasons are related to what is mentioned next; 4.Educational system reproduce unfair social classes. However, the author also points out some weaknesses of reproduction theories. They are as follows: 1.Schools are not just a compliant instrument for duplicating social classes; on the contrary, there are controversy, conflict, opposition, and disagreement continuously present within campus; 2.Reproduction theories err as does determinism, and they deny the positive contributions that modern education has made to social mobility; 3.If the structure of social classes was reproduced undoubtedly through complying, then any social change will not be likely to take place; 4.It seems that resistance theory is more suitable to explain the duplication of lower socio-economic status. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。