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題名 | 花蛤人工繁殖之初步研究=The Preliminary Study of Artifical Propagation of Short-necked Clam Gomphina Veneriformis LAMARCK,1818 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 戴仁祥; 陳鴻議; 何雲達; | 書刊名 | 水產研究 |
卷期 | 5:1 1997.06[民86.06] |
頁次 | 頁31-40 |
分類號 | 439.61 |
關鍵詞 | 花蛤; 繁殖; 斧足-唇瓣攝食; Gomphina veneriformis; Propagation; Redal-palp feeding; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 花蛤為純海水養殖,是發展海埔地貝類水產養殖的重要種類。但是,花蛤的種苗目前仍要取自天然環境,來源不穩定而且成本頗高,因此,本研究乃進行其人工繁殖,探討其刺激排卵排精方法,觀察其胚胎發育過程與研究其種苗在急性鹽度下的存活率。在刺激排卵排精方法方面,以陰乾與溫度改變兩法並用的效果最有效穩定。卵呈圓形約40-42μm,產卵後1小時2分裂,3小時呈擔輪子,19小時變為D-stage,6天進入沈底期,為仍具浮游與底棲生活的 Pediveliger。花蛤苗進入沉底期時,必須將其移往具有細砂的育苗池繼續培育,否則花蛤苗會因堆疊而死亡。花蛤苗對急速鹽度變化甚為敏感,當鹽度急速由30 ppt改變至25 ppt以下或40 ppt以上,其活存率即受影響,而降至10 ppt以下或昇至45 ppt以上即降至20%以下。花蛤人工育苗技術尚未確立,主要是活存率無法提高,而活存率低可能受環境因子造成的影響,本文只簡述單鹽度變化對花蛤苗活存率所造成的影響,至於其他因子的影響則有待未來進一步的探討。 |
英文摘要 | Short-necked clam Gomphina veneriformis is one of the most important aquaculture species in revival land in Taiwan. Due to the unstable source of natural spat for culture, the present study was focused on the artificial propagation of G. veneriformis. We tried to find out a convenient method to stimulate the spawning of G. veneriformis. Moreover, we observed and took picture of the development of fertilized egg and larvae, and also described their feature and measured their size. We studied the optimum salinity of juveniles. Spawning was induced by temperature fluctuation. The rounded oocyte ususlly range from 40-42 μ m in diameter. The initial cleavage division arised within one hour after fertilization. A ciliated trochophore stage was reached approximately 3 hours after fertilization. A D-stage larvae was atained approximately 19 hours after fertilization. The pediveliger would settle down and swim after 6 days since the fertilization. Meanwhile, if they were not moved to a sandy substrate, they would encounter a high mortality. The juvenile were very sensitive to the change of salinity. The survival rate of juvenile was very low when the salinity changes acutely from 30 ppt to less than 10 ppt or more than 45 ppt. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。