頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 科學傳播與獎勵系統的馬太效應=The Matthew Effect in the Scientific Communication and Reward System |
---|---|
作 者 | 傅雅秀; | 書刊名 | 資訊傳播與圖書館學 |
卷 期 | 4:2 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁 次 | 頁53-61 |
分類號 | 300 |
關鍵詞 | 馬太效應; 科學傳播; 科學獎勵系統; Matthew effect; Scientific communication; Scientific reward system; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 「馬太效應」是社會心理學概念,描繪富者愈富、貧者愈貧的現象。科學傳播系 統與獎勵系統中亦存有馬太效應現象,在科學貢獻的分配上,卓越的科學家往往得到較大的 功勞,而不知名的科學家僅得到不成比例的小功勞。本文介紹馬太效應的源起,以及此名詞 首倡者 Robert K. Merton 之科學社會學理論,並探討科學獎勵系統和馬太效應現象,最後 提出積極面之建議,期能善用馬太效應,鼓勵正當科學競爭之優勢累積,促進科學研究之進 展。 |
英文摘要 | Matthew Effect is a psychosocial concept which describes the phenomenon: the rich get richer while the poor become poorer. It exists in the reward and communication systems of science. In the allocation of rewards to scientists for their contributions, eminent scientists get great credit while unknown ones tend to get disproportionately little. This article introduces the origin of Matthew Effect and the theory of the sociology of science of Robert King Merton who coined this term. Evidences of Matthew Effect in science are presented. Finally, this paper concludes with some suggestions to reduce Matthew Effect and to encourage fair competitions in science in order to promote the advancement of science. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。