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題名 | 臺灣地區「教育與職業不相稱」階層化變遷之研究:1979與1996=Trends in the Stratification of Occupational Mismatch in Taiwan: 1979 and 1996 |
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作者 | 顏敏娟; 葉秀珍; | 書刊名 | 國立中正大學學報 |
卷期 | 8:1(社會科學分冊) 民86.12 |
頁次 | 頁37-71 |
分類號 | 546.18 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣; 教育與職業不相稱; Stratification; Occupational mismatch; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 隨著科技變遷與產業結構的轉型,以及高等教育的快速擴張,教育與職 業不相稱此一類型的低度就業問題逐漸受到重視,本研究的主旨為:(1)探 討臺灣地區從1979至1996年來,教育與職業不相稱人口佔勞動力人口的變 遷趨勢;(2)這股趨勢是否隨著性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、職業與 產業結構、從業身份與職場組織規模等因素而有階層化之差異;(3)如果階 層化差異確實存在,則在這段期間內,個別型態之階層化差異的變動情形。 本研究之分析結果發現,職業結構的轉型並未能完全配合高等教育的成長, 以至於造成愈來愈多高教育程度者發生教育與職業不相稱的問題。此外,愈 年輕的世代、男性、已婚者、下層職業階級、邊陲產業內的工作者以及雇主 較容易發生教育與職業不相稱的情形。本研究亦發現女性在勞動市場中仍處 於相對弱勢,此一結果顯示除了人力資本因素之外,勞動市場之結構因素對 於兩性落入教育與職業不相稱也具有相當大的影響力。 |
英文摘要 | Currently, there has been great concern in Taiwan about occupational mismatch with the expansion of education and the industrial transformation concomitant with technological change. This study investigates three major issues regarding occupational mismatch:(1)To examine trends in the prevalence of occupational mismatch in Taiwan from 1979 to 1996; (2) To identify if occupational mismatch differs by sex, age, education, marital status, occupational and industrial structure, class of worker, and firm size; and (3)To evaluate if the above stratification process varies over time. The analysis in this study indicates that the occupational transformation has not been able to catch up with the educational expansion, and such gap has resulted in substantial increase in occupational mismatch among persons with higher education. Moreover, this study finds higher level of occupational mismatch among younger cohorts, men, married persons, lower strata of occupational structure, peripheral industrial sectors, and employers, In addition, this study indicates that women have been the underprivileged workers in the labor market, and such disadvantage can not be fully explained by human capital deficiency; in fact, a substantial part of women's disadvantage is due to structural factor, that is, women tend to have higher propensity to fall into the peripheral sectors in the labor market. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。