頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 春植蔗田內各類枯心之發生消長=Occurrence of Different Dead Hearts in the Spring-Planted Cane Fields |
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作 者 | 鄭文義; 王瑞圖; | 書刊名 | 臺灣糖業研究所研究彙報 |
卷期 | 157 1997.09[民86.09] |
頁次 | 頁1-25 |
分類號 | 434.718 |
關鍵詞 | 春植甘蔗; 枯心; 白螟; 黃螟; 條螟; 二點螟; 紫螟; 發生消長; Spring-planted cane; Dead hearts; Scirpophaga nivella; Argyroploce schistaceana; Proceras venosatus; Chilotraea infuscatella; Seasamia inferens; Seasonal occurrence; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自73/74至82/83共10個年期在本所農場各設置一筆春植F160調查田,自甘蔗萌 芽整齊至採收前,每兩週一次,每次計數10畦固定調查畦上(合計面積104m )之分蘗數後, 割取其上之枯死分蘗與枯心並辨認枯心之種類。結果各年期分蘗盛期出現於五月下半月至九 月下半月間,每公頃為67,629-93,122支,至採收前減少為47,523-55,796支,約為秋植甘蔗 之76.9-90.5%。不同年期平均每次每公頃割取758-2,510支枯心與21-401支枯死分蘗,不同 調查半月別則分別為96-2,540支與0-981支。 10個年期在固定調查畦上曾出生9,924支分蘗,並割取2,965支各類枯心,其中以二點 螟之1,251支最多,主要出現於三~八月,其後逐漸減少,且出現支數與二點螟卵或其未被 寄生卵數間具顯著相關。其次為生理枯心之630支,出現七月以迄採收前為止,再其次為297 支不明枯心,出現於五~八月以前之幼蔗期,然後依序為234支其他枯心(包括金龜子、機刀 傷、風折、螻蛄、病害及鼠害)發生於四至七月、206支條螟枯心出現於八月以後之成蔗、154 支黃螟枯心發生於四~五月與八月以後之成蔗上、147支白螟枯心主要出現於幼蔗,而46支 紫螟枯心則無明顯之高峰期。另外,每次在10畦變動調查畦上發現之枯心可能包括兩週以 前即已形成,及累積留存田間數月之枯死分蘗,因此其枯心支數(枯心率為5.42%)為固定調 查畦之2.4倍,而枯死分蘗支數(枯死莖率為8.51%)為固定調查畦之54.2倍。 |
英文摘要 | Biweekly surveys were made to study the seasonal occurrence of different dead hearts in 10 fixed and 10 unfixed survey rows of 8 m long and 1.3 m width (208 m survey area) of F160 spring-planted cane at the Experimental Farms of Taiwan Sugar Research Institute in the crop years of 1984/85 to 1993/94. After the germination of the cane, the number of tillers increased and reached the highest peak of 67,629-93,122/ha in May to September and then reduced to 47,523-55,796/ha before the harvest in January to March of the next year, which were about 76.9-90.5% that of the autumn-planted cane. Averages of 758- 2,510 and 96-2,540 dead hearts/ha/survey were found for different crop years and for different half-months, respectively. Among the 2,965 dead hearts collected from fixed survey rows, 1,251 dead hearts caused by Chilotraea infuscatella were of primary importance. These dead hearts appeared mainly from March to August and correlated significantly with the egg numbers and that of the unparasitized ones found in the fields. Dead hearts of secondary importance were those caused physiologically. A total of 630 physiological dead hearts were collected during July until the harvest of the cane. There were 297 dead hearts of unknown causes appearing in May to August of young cane stage. The number of dead hearts was then followed by 234 miscellaneous dead hearts (including those caused by white grubs, mechanical, wind, crickets, diseases, and wild rats) occurring in April to July, by 206 Procera venosatus dead hearts on the maturing canes, by 154 Argyroploce schistaceana dead hearts in April to May and after August, by 147 Scirpophaga nivella dead hearts mainly in young cane stage, and by 46 Sesamia inferens dead hearts. In the unfixed survey rows, dead hearts might include those occurred 2 weeks or even 4 weeks before survey, and the dried dead tillers might accumulate in the field for several months. The number of dead hearts in the unfixed survey rows was consequently 2.4 times higher, and that of dried dead tillers was 54.2 times higher, than those found in the fixed survey rows. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。