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題名 | 臺灣蛇類的商業性利用與獵捕調查=The Commercial Use and Harvesting Survey of Snakes in Taiwan |
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作者 | 林華慶; | 書刊名 | 動物園學報 |
卷期 | 9 1997.06[民86.06] |
頁次 | 頁53-65 |
分類號 | 388.796 |
關鍵詞 | 蛇類; 獵捕; 交易; 保育; 商業性利用; 經營管理; 臺灣; Snakes; Harvesting; Trade; Conservation; Commercial use; Manage ment; Taiwan; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究的主要內容是台灣的蛇類商業性獵捕交易現況調查,並據此提出蛇類 保育政策的檢討與經營管理之建議。台灣的蛇類交易市場仍然興盛,交易流通的管道 係由捕蛇人將捕獲的蛇類售予地區性的小型中間商,再由跨區域的大型中間商的各小 型中間商收購後轉售給蛇店,最後再將各種形式的蛇類產製品銷售予消費者。目前的 蛇類主要產地是彰化、雲林、嘉義、台南、高雄、屏東、台東、花蓮、宜蘭。毒蛇之 交易價格以百步蛇最高:獵捕量若以隻數為標準,由多至少依序是眼鏡蛇、龜殼花、 雨傘節、百步蛇、鎖蛇。由於目前的蛇類交易業者與捕蛇人的年齡層偏高、捕蛇的誘 因減少、年輕捕蛇人的比例不高,可預測台灣未來的捕蛇行業將逐漸蕭條。野外調查 的結果顯示,面臨強大獵捕壓力的蛇類中,鎖蛇及百步蛇的族群數量極少,僅侷限分 布於特定地區;龜殼花、雨傘節與錦蛇的數量較多,且分布與棲地型態頗為廣泛;南 蛇與臭青公的數量亦仍多。遊蛇類與水蛇類雖然經濟利用價值不高,獵捕壓力極微, 但是因為棲息地破壞消失與水域污染之原因,許多種類的族群分布與數量明顯地減 少,赤腹遊蛇甚至已達瀕臨絕種之程度。根據調查結果,本研究建議主管機關應重新 檢討保育類野生動物名錄,儘快制訂蛇類經營管理規則,建立執行監督系統,將目前 交易量仍大的幾種蛇類的獵捕交易納入管理,並持續進行市場調查與特定區域的野外 蛇類族群監測,針對純粹因為棲地破壞與污染而瀕臨絕種的蛇類,除了將其列各為保 育類野生動物,更應該以劃設保護區或重建棲息地的方式進行域內保存;域外的種源 保存也應該開始同步進行,以備最後的人工復育之用。 |
英文摘要 | This study provided baseline information on the current status of snakes harvesting pattern and commercial use in Taiwan. 40 commercial deal- ers,12 owners of snake shops, and 41 snake hunters were personally interviewed from 1993 to 1996. The most snakes found in the market were hunted from I- lan, chang-huah, Yun-lin, Choia-I, Tai-non, Kao-hsiung, Ping-tung, Tai- tung and Hua-lien counties. The price in the market for the hundred pace snake, Dieogkistrodon acutus was the highest, while the amount of trade was the largest for cobra, Naja atra. Most of the dealers were over 50 years old, and their involvements in snake trading were over 20 years. Most of hunters were over 40 years old, and their involvements in snake hunting were almost over 10 years. Majority of them were farmers.Because there are few young people like to be snakes hunter, the snakes trading should be declined in the future.We also surveyed on snake distributions and populations in the field.The snake in the market has the smallest population number was Russells viper,Vipera Russellii Formosensis.Some Natricinae species was endengered because their habitats were destroyed and lost, just like Sinonatrix annularis. Based on the results of this study, management recommendations on snake trade and conservation were submitted to the wildlife management agencies. (1) make the management rules for snakes hunting and trading.(2)monitor the snakes hunting and trading status continuously. (3)field investigations on snake popula- tions and their habitats are important and necessary. (4)set up low altitude reserves for some endangered snake species.(4)endangered snake species survival program should be considered. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。