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題名 | 機場航空噪音費徵收模式之研究--以中正國際機場為例=Airport Noise Charge Models and a Case Study of the C.K.S. International Airport |
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作 者 | 韓復華; 張靖; 李堯賢; 林如蘋; | 書刊名 | 運輸計劃 |
卷期 | 26:4 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁次 | 頁669-692 |
分類號 | 567.89 |
關鍵詞 | 機場/航空噪音; 噪音費; 中正國際機場; Airport/aircraft noise; Noise charge; C.K.S. international airport; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文針對世界主要機場徵收噪音費之現況,就各國之收費模式按收費因素、徵收 方式和收費調整因素三方面進行分析,並歸納分類成兩種收費模式 -- 線性模式與指數模式 。並以民航局估算之成本資料,進行兩類模式之試算。試算結果顯示,就重量與噪音值具正 比關係的航空器而言,兩模式所試算出的噪音費相當接近;但是對於噪音值大重量小,或噪 音值小重量大的航空器,則兩模式的試算結果就有顯著差異。 例如,B737-222 每架次的線 性噪音費為 NT$ 2,621,而指數噪音費為 NT$5,094;B747-400 每架次徵收的線性噪音費為 NT$8,524,指數噪音費為 NT$8,161。 以評估污染成本的觀點而言,指數收費模式較我國機 場現行徵收之線性收費模式,更能反映航空器造成之噪音影響效果。指數收費模式在應用時 ,本文建議以人類感受範圍作為轉換係數的範圍,而各架次的噪音值可以加上時段的調整。 另外,為降低參數變動對噪音費之影響,建議每年調整單位收費價格但不變更收費設計。 |
英文摘要 | This paper attempts to explore the analytic structure on which the airport noise charges of different aircraft can be calculated. We collected and analyzed the current formulae applied by various airports worldwide, and then categorized them from three aspects: the charging factors, the charging methods and other modification factors. Accordingly, the existing airport noise charge methods can be classified into two models:the Linear Model and the Exponential Model. For both models, we present detailed mathematical formulations and application procedures. We also applied both models to estimate the noise charge per landing at the C.K.S. International Airport. Numerical results of our case study showed that the two models have similar outcomes' for heavy and noisy aircraft or light and quiet ones, and dissimilar outcomes for heavy but quiet aircraft or light but noisy ones. For example, a typical B747-400 would be charged NT$8,524 per landing for the Linear Model and NT$8,161 for the Exponential Model, but a B737-222 would be charged NT$2,621 for the Linear Model and NT$5,094 for the Exponential Model. In comparison to the Linear Model currently used by our country, the Exponential Model seems to have better quality in reflection of the noise impact caused by one aircraft. When the Exponential Model is applied, we suggest that the value of transformation coefficients should be set to reflect human perceptions and a time period penalty should be included in the noise index of the aircraft for each operation. To eliminate the impact of time-lag effect, we recommend the charging system with a fixed calculation formula and adjustable unit price. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。