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題 名 | 清初半線墾首施世榜事蹟探微=To Make a Study of the Deeds about the Chief Reclaimer Mr. Shih Shih-Pang in Panhsien (Chaughua) in Early Ching Dynasty |
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作 者 | 蔡志展; | 書刊名 | 社會科教育研究 |
卷 期 | 2 1997.12[民86.12] |
頁 次 | 頁73-117 |
分類號 | 782.87 |
關鍵詞 | 清; 施世榜; 事蹟; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 研究清代臺灣開發史者,撇開政治因素不談,在經濟上,農業之發展,與環境之不斷的改善,應該是最重要的。農業之發展奠基於兩塊基石:一是土地,一是水利。水利開發的質量與數量,都深深的影響到土地開墾的程度。所以如何善於利用水資源,使之與人興利,而不致與人為害,自古以來,實在是人類運智的焦點。 筆者研究施世榜的事蹟,係從其家世譜系著手。發現施世榜事業的發展,其父施東是最重要的關鍵人物。施東於康熙中葉之前期,在關鍵的時間渡臺,懂得把握商機。先利用鳳山縣,比較成熟的蔗糖生產業,由安平港,從事對日貿易,致富。再挾其雄厚的資金,趁著砂糖生產過剩,而糧米需求殷切的時機,到半線地區,轉投資稻米的生產。他敏銳的眼光和膽識,為施家奠定日後事業的發展基礎。 施世榜在施東的薰陶下,康熙四十八年承繼父業以後,已經擁有大量的資金和豐富的經驗,這是成就他後來事業的兩個先決條件。在康熙五十八年引濁水溪之水完成了清代全臺最偉大的水利工程「施厝圳」,不久又引大肚溪之水築成「福馬圳」,使施家在彰化平原擁田六千餘甲。堪稱「開彰第一家」。所築之「施厝圳」於彰化設縣以後,習稱「八堡圳」,日據時稱「八堡一圳」,而原來在康熙六十年由黃仕卿所開築的「十五庄圳」則稱「八堡二圳」共灌田達一萬九千餘甲。施世榜在朱一貴之亂平定以後取得軍功,轉入仕途。但是他最為吾人所欽佩的是,他知道取之於社會,用之於社會的達理,對於文化、教育做了很大的貢獻。養育九子,也大多能登科出仕,一門多傑。從清代臺灣知識份子的社會參與層面來看,施氏一家既能創造財富,更懂得正確的使用財富。 本文特將施世榜的家世、門風、事業成就與孝義善行等事蹟,進行考訂。並嚐試為施世榜,建構第一份「事蹟年表」,以就教於方家學界。 |
英文摘要 | For the men who study the development of Taiwan history, Aside from polities, it is the most important on the development of economy, agriculture and the improvement of environment. There were two foundation stones to lay the foundation of agricultural development. One is the land, the other is irrigation works. The quality and quantity of irrigation works make a notable impact on the exploitation of the land. In order to let water make much benefit for humanity and not bring about great harm for humanity. From ancient times to modern times, how to use water resources is still the most important point to humanity. I engaged in studying Mr. Shih Shih-Pang's deeds by his lineage and pedigrees. I thought that his success was from his father. Mr. Shih Tung. In the early middle age of K'ang Hsi was a critical moment. At that time, Shih Tung came to Taiwan from Mainland. He knew how to seize the commercial opportunity. First, he engaged in manufacturing cane sugar in Fengshan county and traded with Japan. All the finished sugar was transported from Anping Port to Japan. So he made a large amount of money. Sugar got overpro duction leter on, but rice shortages accured. So he went to Pan Hsien (Changhua) and invested his abundant funds in growing rice. He made more and more money. He established the immense enterprise for the Shi family with his sharp eyes. courage and insight. Until K'ang Hsi 48, Mr. Shih Tung had build up his kingdom. His son, Shih Shih-Pang inherited from him and was edified on him. He owned the immense capital and plentiful experience. He was like his father. He had a successful enterprise, too. He completed the greatest water conservancy works in Taiwan in Ching Dynasty. That was Shih Ts'o Tseng which was leaded the water from Cho Shui Hsi. Before long, he completed Fu Ma Tseng again which was leaded the water from Tatu Hsi. Those two canals made. the Shih family have more than six thousand hectares farmland in Changhua plain. It is said that they were the first family to reclaim Changhua. Besides, after Changhua was set up county, "Shih Ts'o Tseng" was called "Pa Pao Tseng". But during the rule of Japan, it was called "Pa Pao I Tseng". And "Shih Wu Chuang Tseng"-- was built by Huang Shih Ch'ing in K'ang Hsi 60, was called "Pa Pao Erh Tseng". They irrigated farmland about more than nineteen thousand hectares. After Chu I Kuei's rebellion was suppressed. He got the military exploit, then he changed himself into an official. People admired him very much because he knew the principle "What is obtained from the society is used in the interest of the society". He also made great contributions to home village on culture and education. He had nine sons and almost could get some official posts. the Shih family could both create wealth and know how to use it correctly. The article tells about The Shihs' lineage, status, success in enterprise, filial piety, code of chivalry and philanthropy act etc.. I am going to collate the textual criticism and try to make the first one chronicle of his deeds. I would accept criticism sincerely from the academic circles. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。