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| 題 名 | 中國近代思想史上的「格義」--以譚嗣同「仁學」中的佛學為例=The 「Ko-yi」in the History' of Modern Chinese Thought |
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| 作 者 | 阮忠仁; | 書刊名 | 嘉義師院學報 |
| 卷 期 | 11 1997.11[民86.11] |
| 頁 次 | 頁363-390 |
| 分類號 | 112.7 |
| 關鍵詞 | 格義; 佛學; 儒家經世; 仁學; Ko-yi; Buddhism; Confucian ching-shih; Jen-hsueh; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 「格義」盛行於魏晉(220-420)的佛教思想界,是指以中國思想對 佛教思想進行分別對比異義或等列論釋同義的思想研究方法。十九世紀中葉以降,中國知識 份子面對西方文化的衝擊,有時以中國思想來理解西方思想,有時又以西方思想來理想中國 思想,這樣的思想研究方法,極類似於魏晉的「格義」,我們也稱之為「格義」。筆者認為 ,分析中國近代思想史上的格義,可以讓我們對當時知識份子的思想及那時代提出新詮釋。 舉例來說,譚氏的 << 仁學 >> 吸收了儒學、佛學、基督教義、科學,以致學者們分岐的把 他認為唯物論者、唯心論者、儒家學者、佛教學者等。唯透過格義的檢視,儒學、佛學、基 督教義、科學,在譚氏思想中仍是並列存在,並沒有達到融合的地步。這樣的思想體系就是 「格義」,也就是「多種概念的並存比配」,實無法把它歸類到某一學派或一種學說。又如 近代儒家經世精神的發展,一些不同的思想,諸如佛學、基督教義、科學,對之不僅沒有阻 礙,反而可以強化其精神;顯示中國近代的經世思想已非儒家之專利了。 |
| 英文摘要 | 「Ko-yi」(matching concepts) was a central methodology of thought in the Buddhist scholar in the Wei-Chin(220-420), in which a Buddhist concept is equated with one in Chinese thought. In the period from the early 1890s to 1911, Chinese intelligentsia indulge in a tendency to interpret Western thought in Chinese thought, sometimes they interpret Chinese thought in Wester thought, for this system, we also called 「 Ko-yi 」. Analyzing these 「 Ko-yi 」 in the history of modern Chinese thought, I believe, enables us to see their thought and the era in a new light. For example, T'an's usage of the Confucianism, Buddhism, Chritianity, and some other scientific thought in his Jen-hsueh have led a mumber of scholars, to consider him a materialist, idealist, Confucian, and Buddhist. However, a study of T'an's 「 Ko-yi 」 reveals that his materialist, idealist, confucian, and Buddhist owe more to the juxtaposition of thought, in which confucianism, Buddhism, Chritianity, and scientific thought were not synthesized, such a justaposition represents a 「 Ko-yi 」, and therefore is a 「 matching concepts 」. Futhermore, which were basically outgrowths of the spirit of confucian ching-shih, was marked more by dis-reinforcement than by reinforcement with the Buddhism, Chritianity, and scientific. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。