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題名 | 由焦油砂瀝青及石炭腦衍生之焦碳對加氫脫金屬觸媒失活之影響=Effect of Bitumen and Anthracene Derived Cokes on Deactivation of a Hydrodemetallation Catalyst |
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作者姓名(中文) | 朱光馨; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷期 | 33:3 1997.09[民86.09] |
頁次 | 頁1-15 |
分類號 | 457.5 |
關鍵詞 | 觸媒失活; 焦碳; 焦油砂瀝青; 石炭腦; Catalyst deactivation; Coke; Tar sand bitumen; Anthracene; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 一大乳徑之加氫脫金屬(hydrodemetallation, HDM)觸媒在熱壓批次反應器 (Autoclave batch reactor)中,與石炭腦(authracene)、石炭腦+carbazole、焦油砂瀝青 (bitumen)、或焦油砂瀝青+四苯基樸碄(Nitetraphenyl-porphyrin)╱礦物油(mineral oil) 溶劑反應,並獲得一系列不同程度之結焦量(2-12%C)及鎳金屬之沈積(1-3%Ni);觸媒結焦後 ,予以Soxhlet萃取及再硫化處理,並量測其含焦量、含鎳量及物理特性;觸媒之加氫處理 (hydrogenation, HYD)、加氫脫氮(hydrodenitrogenation, HDN)、以及碳-氮鍵之加氫破解 (C-N hydrogenolysis, CNH)等活性,則使用一固定床反應器以naphthalene+indole╱正庚 烷溶劑來測試。 實驗後發現,由焦油砂瀝青產生之焦碳具有多孔之結構,由石炭腦產生之焦碳則不具多 孔之性質,此外,量測結果亦顯示,由焦油砂瀝青所形成之焦碳,其含氮量遠高於焦油砂瀝 青之含氮量;觸媒之活性隨含焦量之增加而減低,HDN或CNH失活之程度大於HYD,表觀活化 能(apparent activation energies)亦隨含售量之增加而減低,本文探討沈積之焦炭及鎳金 屬對加氫脫金屬觸媒失活之影響,以供讀者參考。 |
英文摘要 | A large-pore hydrodemetallation catalyst was coked with a solution of anthracene, anthracene+carbazole, bitumen, or bitumen+Ni tetra-phenyl-porphyrin/ mineral oil solvent in an Autoclave batch reactor to obtain catalysts with coke levels in the range of 2-23%C, and Ni depositions in the range of 1-3% Ni. After Soxhlet extraction and resulfiding, physical properties of the coked catalysts were determined, as well as their catalytic activities for hydrogenation (HYD), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and C-N hydrogenolysis (CNH) using a mixture of naphthalene and indole in n-heptane solvent in a fixed-bed reactor. It was found that the coke produced via bitumen appeared to be porous, while that from anthracene was non-porous. A significant enhancement in nitrogen on the catalyst over that in bitumen feed was observed. Catalytic activities of the coked catalyst were found to decrease with increasing coke content, with HDN or CNH activity loss being greater than HYD activity. Apparent activation energies decreased with increasing coke content. The roles of coke and nickel depositions on catalyst deactivation are discussed. |
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