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題名 | A Comparative Study on Roadway Diffusion Models=道路周邊汽車排氣污染擴散模式之比較研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 林復基; 山田浩明; 岡本真一; 鹽澤清茂; | 書刊名 | 環境保護 |
卷期 | 20:1 1997.06[民86.06] |
頁次 | 頁49-58 |
分類號 | 445.63 |
關鍵詞 | 擴散模式; 汽車排放; 高速道路; 排氣污染濃度; 評估模式; Diffusion model; Roadway; Automobile emissiom; Highway pollution and model evaluation; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 汽車排氣之道路周邊污染濃度預測已有多種擴散模式被開發,但其間之優劣,適 用性並未被驗證。本文選定較具代表性之模式作分析比較,主以評價其實用性。被選用的模 式有美國環保署 EPA-HIWAY, 通用汽車公司 (GM) 的線煙源模式, 日本東京都政府公害局 TMG 的模式,日本環境廳 JEA 模式以及美國加州政府運輪局的 CALINE-3 模式。 為了評估 這些模式所投入的道路試驗 data 是日本兵庫縣加古川市外環高速道路所測得的 NOx,該條 道路平均每日約有 5 萬輛汽車通過。 電腦模擬計算結困並經回歸分析比較顯示, 美國 EPA-HIWAY 之計算濃度較實測濃度有高估之傾向,而 GM 及 CALINE 卻顯著比實測值較低濃 度之計算結果,就以風速分析,所有的模式均顯出有風狀態比無風狀態表現較接實況,就以 風向觀之,只有 JEA 模式在平行風時較優,其他模式均在直角風之狀況下較接近實態。 |
英文摘要 | Though many diffusion models for predicting pollutant concentrations near roadways have been developed, the relation between them has not yet been examined. Therfore, a comparative study and performance evaluation for these models have been carried out. The models include the US. EPA-HIWAY, GM line source, Tokyo Met. Gov., Japan Env. Agency-JEA and CALINE-3 models. The database used for the evaluation was meade based on a NOx field study conducted at the Kakogawa Bypass highway, which has a traffic volume of about 50000 cars-per-day. Though the analytical results show that the US.EPA-HIWAY model has a tendency to overestimate, the GM and CALINE-3 models indicate lower concentrations. Data selected regarding atmospheric stability, wind speed and wind direction were also used for this evaluation. All of the models show a better performance for windy conditions compared for low wind conditions. Although many models indicate high performance for perpendicular wind, only the JEA model shows its highest score under parallel wind conditions. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。