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題名 | 臺灣地區都市垃圾焚化灰渣中重金屬濃度及TCLP溶出之評估=Evaluation of the Contents and Leaching Behavior of Heavy Metals in Mswi Ash in Taiwan |
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作者姓名(中文) | 顧順榮; 張木彬; 鍾昀泰; | 書刊名 | 中國環境工程學刊 |
卷期 | 7:2 1997.06[民86.06] |
頁次 | 頁173-181 |
分類號 | 445.545 |
關鍵詞 | 都市垃圾; 焚化; 灰分; 重金屬; 毒性特性溶出程序; MSW; Incineration; Ash; Heavy metals; TCLP; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究利用TCLP (Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure) 及微波消化法 ,分析三座焚化廠所排放飛灰及底灰中重金屬之部分溶出量及總溶出量,以瞭解垃圾焚化灰渣 中重金屬之分佈情形與其在掩埋場之動態行為。分析結果顯示,溶出液 pH 值為影響重金屬溶 出之重要因子, 在酸性條件下飛灰中 Cd、Pb、Zn、Cr 及 Ni 之溶出濃度隨 pH 值降低有升高 趨勢, 溶出液於中性範圍時,其溶出濃度隨 pH 值變化的趨勢較不明顯, 對 Cd、Zn、Cr 及 Ni 而言, 約略有隨比表面積、 元素碳及氯鹽濃度等因子值增加而升高之現象。 三廠灰分之 SEM-EDS 及 XRD 分析結果顯示飛灰型態以圓形及不規則狀為主, 主要元素包括 Al、 Si、Ca 及 Cl 等,此外在光滑之圓球形表面有結晶物沉積,推測此結晶物為 Si、Ca 及 Al 等氧化物 。 |
英文摘要 | This research investigates chemical, physical, and structural properties of the ashes sampled from three municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs). In addition to physicochemical properties such as specific surface area, particle size, morphology, and elemental carbon content of the ash particles, pH and chloride concentration of TCLP leachate also affect the leaching behavior of heavy metals. Most trace metals, except for Hg and As, which tend to leach out more easily in basic conditions, leach out more easily as the pH value of TCLP leachate decreases to acidic conditions. The resulting pH of TCLP leachate after extraction seems to have a greater effect on the metal content than do physicochemical factors in the different-sized ash particles. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the leachates show little variability with particle size when TCLP leachate pH is within the neutral range. Although the variability is small, metal contents are associated with specific surface area, particle size, elemental carbon content of the ash particles, and chloride concentration of TCLP leachate. Results of SEM-EDS and XRD analyses show that the fly ash morphologies are either spherical or amorphous and contain mostly Al, Si, Ca, and Cl. Crystals condensed on spherical particles are supposedly Si, Ca, and Al oxides. |
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