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題名 | 地圖投影基本原理與分類方法之探討=Discussion on the Theory and Classification of Map Projection |
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作者姓名(中文) | 劉承洲; | 書刊名 | 華岡理科學報 |
卷期 | 14 1997.05[民86.05] |
頁次 | 頁107-132 |
分類號 | 326.8 |
關鍵詞 | 地圖投影; 日晷投影; 太空投影; 遙感製圖; 衛星軌跡投影; 變形橢圓; Map projections; Gnomonic projection; Space projection; Mapping from remote sensing images; Map projection for satllite tracking; Ellipse of distortion; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在闡述地圖投影(Map projection)的基本原理與分類方法,並旁及一些探究 新投影的途徑。闡述基本原理,在於便利人們認識這門學科的本質;列舉分類方法,在於方 便人們瞭解這門學科的類別與用途;介紹探究新投影的途徑,在於便利人們溫故知新,俾作 進一步的研究與分析。 地圖投影是一門高深的學問,有其深奧的理論基礎,須有深厚的數理知識,始能窺其全貌。 而其分類方法,長久以來,國內外的地理學者和測繪專家,因為所訂之分類標準不盡相同, 以致眾說紛紜,莫衷一是。目前常見的分類標準有:ヾ投影特性、ゝ投影面形狀、ゞ變形性 質、々經緯線形狀、ぁ探求新投影的方法、あ變形橢圓等長方向等六種,因此,迄今尚無一 種統一的分類法,可供大家使用。 本文擬嚐試從分析投影的不變量起,首先根據有無長度不變量及其是否為唯一之條件,將地 圖投影法分成橢圓型投影、拋物線型投影及雙曲線型投影三大類別;其次再在其中區分出正 形(Conformal)、等積(Egual-area)、等距離(Equidistant)三類常見之投影;最後再將此種 分類法加以具體化。如此,既可體現層次分明,又能使相鄰的關係有所依據,同時更可由此 揭示出探求新投影的途徑與方法,並具體地列舉相應於正形、等積及等距投影所衍生的各種 新投影,從而解決傳統分類法所產生的問題,藉此拋磚引玉,冀能共同促進這門學科理論與 應用研究更進一步的發展。 |
英文摘要 | This article will illustrate the basic principles and different methods of map projection. It will in turn explore new ways of projection. Illustrating the basic principles helps one to understand the nature of this discipline; enumerating ways of classification, to realize its nature and application, and introducing new ways of projection, to further its research and analysis. Map projection is an old discipline with profound theory basis. Only with well- grounded mathematical knowledge can one get hold of its whole picture. So far there is still no consensus among geographers and surveyors, both native and abroad, about the standard way of classificatioon. The current standards include: projection Character, Projection plane shape, Meridian and parallel shape, Exploring new projection method, and so on. So far there is not a widely accepted mehthod of classification. By analyzing the set quantity of projection, and by determining if ellipse of distortion has the set quantity in length and if this is the only factor, I will firs divide map projection into three kinds, namely, elliptic projection, parabolic projection, and hyperbolic projection. And then I will further divide them into three common ways of projection, that is, the conformal, the equal-area and the equidistant projection. Finally I will make such classification more concrete. This, I hope, would clearly manifest different orders, make connected relations solid, reveal ways to explore new projection, and enlist various derivative new projection in accordance with square, equal-area and equidistant projection. I hope this can solve the problems derived from traditional ways of classification, and would also contribute to the further development of this discipline, both in its theory and application. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。