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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 緩衝帶對營養鹽之截留作用=Nutrient Interception by the Riparian Forest Buffer Strips |
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作 者 | 王敏昭; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷期 | 29:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁次 | 頁69-92 |
分類號 | 434.222 |
關鍵詞 | 緩衝帶; 營養鹽; 截留作用; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究探討緩衝林帶對肥料營養鹽之截留作用的緩衝容量。於德基水庫集水區內 之佳陽果樹,華崗蔬菜及武陵農場松茂果樹試驗地的緩衝林帶及規劃相應之天然林區,分上 、中、下三個坡段採集土樣,分析其土壤物化性狀及養分與重金屬之分佈境況;將此等數據 與其相對應之緩衝林帶者相互比較,以評估動力平衡系統下,目前緩衝林帶土壤養分境況之 意義。並利用三處試驗地之緩衝林帶的海拔高度、坡度及斜坡面長、植被林相與植被草相資料 與土壤物化性狀及養分與重金屬境況,以解釋目前緩衝林帶對沖蝕土樣及伏流水之緩衝容量 。 研究結果指出佳陽果樹區緩衝林帶之土壤 EC (電導度 ) 值與交換性 Ca、 Mg、K、Na、 Bray-I P 及有效性 Cd、Cu、Zn 量, 在上坡段處,在 0-30cm 剖面深度範圍內,均較其中 坡段處及下坡段處者高,顯示土壤鹽類、養分及部分有效性重金屬之積聚於緩衝林帶之上坡 段處。該緩衝林帶之相對應天然林區的土壤物化性狀、養分及重金屬境況,更可合理輔助解 釋於動力平衡系統下,鹽類、養分及重金屬之移動至緩衝林帶之上坡段處。華崗蔬菜園下方 緩衝林帶之坡面長雖然長達 222m, 且植被林相與草相頗茂密,但是其平均坡度高達 34 度 ( 已超過 28.8 度之山坡地可利用限度 )。因此,緩衝林帶之土壤物化性狀測定以及土壤養 分與有效性重金屬之分析,指出在緩衝林帶之下坡段處,在 0-30cm 剖面深度範圍內,有鹽 類,交換性 Ca、Mg、K、Na, Bray-I P 以及有效性 Cd、Cu、Zn 與 Ni 之積聚,顯示華崗 蔬菜園之鹽類、養分及重金屬已沖流積聚於其相對應緩衝林帶之下坡段處。華崗試驗地緩衝 林帶之相對應天然林區的鹽類, 交換性 Ca、Mg、K、Na 及 Bray-I P 量,亦可合理輔助解 釋試驗地菜園之鹽類及養分的移動至緩衝林帶之下坡段處。武陵農場果樹區及蔬菜區與七家 灣溪間之緩衝林帶的土壤養分及重金屬境況,與其相對應之天然林區者相互比較,以其甚粗 之土壤質地而言,其土壤養分已甚高,尤其是緩衝林帶之下坡段處,有交換性 Ca、Mg、K、 Bray-I P 及有效性 Zn、Ni 之積聚,顯示緩衝林帶對其上側之果園, 尤其是蔬菜園沖流而 下之肥料成分,已失去其緩衝肥料成分移動之功能。因此,緩衝林帶之坡度、坡面長及植被 林相與草相之比例,以及緩衝林帶上側蔬菜園及果園之經營方式、坡度及管理方式均為影響 緩衝林帶對沖刷滲流之緩衝容量。再者,初步之結果亦顯示除了地面逕流之沖刷與土体內之 滲流外,經由緩衝林帶沖蝕溝沖流至水庫之非土壤礦物物質 (>2mm) 及土壤量亦頗可觀。 |
英文摘要 | This study was conducted to investigate the buffer capacity for nutrie- nt interceptions of the riparian forest buffer strips in the Techi Reservoir watershed in central Taiwan. At the riparian forest buffer strips and comparable natural forest sites for Chiayang orchard and Huakang vegetable field experimental areas, soil samples were collected from the upper, mid, and lower slope sites of the two buffer strips. Slope, slope length, and forest coverage of forest phase and grass was measured for each site. Data from soil analyses were used to interpret the buffer capacity of the buffer strips for eroded soil materials and seepage water. Physical and chemical properties, and nutrient and heavy metal status of the soils at the profile depth of 0-30 cm from both the riparian forest buffer strip and its corresponding natural forests were compared to allow a more reasonable interpretation for buffer regulation of salts, nutrients, and heavy metals of the riparian forest strip. At Chiayang experimental area, the buffer strip has a slope of 23 degrees, slope length of 65.3 m, and a 1:1 forest to grass phase ratio, values of electrical conductivity and the amounts of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, Na, Bray-I P and available Cd, Cu and Zn of the soil from the profile depth at the upper slope sites were much higher than at mid and lower slope sites. At Huakang vegetable field experimental area, the buffer strip has a slope length of 222m and dense coverage of forest and grass as well as a steep slope of 34 degrees. The data taken from this area indicated that there was a movement of and accumulation of salts, exchangeable nutrients such as Ca, Mg, K, Na, Bray-I P, and available heavy metals to the lower slope site of the strip. At Wuling Farm experimental area, the buffer strip between the orchards and vegetable fields and Chichiawan River is at the dry river-shore with a bed of sandy texture soil with coverages of bushes and grass. The data collected here clearly showed that the amounts of soil nutrients, especially the accumulation of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, Bray-I P and available Zn and Ni, were quite high. Consequently it appeared that the buffer strip at Wuling Farm had already lost its function to buffer the movement of fertilizer compositions flushed from vegetable fields. Therefore, slope, slope length and coverage ratio of forest and grass of the buffer strip, and the management and slope of the corresponding vegetable fields and orchards totally affected the buffer capacity of the buffer strip for erosion and seepage. In addition, aside from the soil surface erosion and seepage in soil, the amount of non-soil mineral material with soil eroded to reservoir is quite appreciable. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。