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題 名 | 地理資訊法洪氾區分之最佳化--印度、歐里莎省、卡達克縣馬哈那地管轄區案例=Optimization of GIS-Based Flood Hazard Zoning--A Case Study at the Mahanadi Command Area in Cuttack District, Orissa, India |
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作 者 | 梁昇; | 書刊名 | 中華水土保持學報 |
卷 期 | 28:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁 次 | 頁11-20 |
分類號 | 443.42 |
關鍵詞 | 洪氾區分; 地理資訊系統; 位址差; 面積差; 累加模式; 印度; Flood hazard zoning; GIS; Site error; Area error; Aggregation model; India; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 洪氾區乃非結構物防洪措施之一,其資訊可結合結構物有效地降低洪災損失。在東印度的馬哈那地流域之馬哈那地管轄區,每年均受洪氾之苦,是以本文以忐區為個案研究。利用地理資訊的資料庫內具位相資訊的位址及面積資料,形成位址差及面積差最小之最佳化原則去尋求所選用四種相關參數:人口密度、土地利用、道路可及性、土壤沖蝕之最佳組合權重配額。地理資訊系統裡累加模式乃用來執行組合權重配額之合成圖。本個案所得最佳化洪氾區位址羊6%,而面積差為4.1%,面積絕對差為21.6%。反應實況之正確率已可信賴。本法節省大量洪氾區作業時間為最大優點,但恪於選用參數之區域特性所限,應用到別的地區,請應特別注意。本法洪災相關因子配點權重,正可代表該因子在防洪災對策上所應關注的程度。如人口密度太高與道路可及性偏低是本地區高危險洪氾區的特徵,這些地區政府如能針對分散人口與提高交通網密度著手,洪災損失當可減少。 |
英文摘要 | Flood hazard zoning is one of the basic information of nonstructural me asures and can be used effectively in combination with structural measures to achieve maximun benefits in reducing flood damages. Floods occur at the Mahanadi Command area in the eastern part of India every year. GIS databases of this specific area offer the topological data of site and area and make the minimization of site and area errors to serve as the criteria to optimize the weight quotas of thefllowing four selected parameters: population density, landuse, road accessibility and soil erosion. Aggregation model of GIS was performed to finish the composite maps for the different combination of the selected factors. The optimized zoning map reaches 6% in site error and 4.1% in area error and 21.6% in absolute area error. Operational accuracy seems reliable. However, the readers are advised to cautiously apply this approach to other area due to the affinity of the selected factors with the target area in this case. The weight attributed to the specific factor represents the degree should be concerned. For instance, those where characterized as high poupulation density and low highway accessibility can be more safer during flood season if population can be dispersed or the highway density can be improved. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。